Drugs of choice are categorized on the basis of diseases. The following are the most important classes of drugs used as a first choice in the treatment of different diseases.

Drugs Of Choice List in pregnancy

(1)Chloroquine [1]

• Drug of choice for malaria in pregnancy

(2) Alpha-Methyldopa

• DoC for hypertension in pregnancy

(3) Heparin

• For anticoagulation in pregnancy

(4) Labetalol

• For the hypertensive crisis in pregnant women.

(5) Acetaminophen

• Analgesic DOC

(6) Phenobarbitone

• For epilepsy in pregnant women.

(7) Doxylamine & Pyridoxine

• For nausea in pregnancy

Drugs Of Choice List in infections

(8) Penicillin G

Drug of choice in

• Septicemia,
• Meningitis,
• Pericarditis,
• Endocarditis and
• Severe pneumonia.

(9) Ampicillin

Drug of choice in

• Listeria,
• Enterococcus faecalis.

(10) Vancomycin

Drug of choice for

• MRSA,
• Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus,
• Enterococcus faecium.

(11) Erythromycin

Drug of choice for

• Corynebacterium

(12) Doxycycline

• Bacillus anthracis,
• Borrelia burgdorferi, B.Recurrentis.
• Chalmydia & Rickettsiae.

(13) Cotrimoxazole

Drug of choice in

• Nocardia

(14) Azithromycin

Drug of choice in

• Hemophilus ducreyi &
• Mycoplasma.

(15) Ceftriaxone

Drug of choice for

• Proteus,
• E.coli,
• Salmonella

(16) Ciprofloxacin (Ciproxin)

Drug of choice for

• Urinary Tract Infection.
• You can also use nitrofurantoin or oral cephalosporins, or fosfomycin. [2]

(17) Metronidazole:

It is an imidazole that is used for the treatment of antibacterial and antiprotozoal infections, including bacterial vaginosis and antibiotic-associated colitis.

Drug of choice for

• Trichomonas vaginalis. [3]
• Bacteriocides.

(18) Ceftazidime

DOC for

• Burkholderia pseudomallei

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Drugs Of Choice List for various types of seizures

(19) Valproate

Drug of choice for

• Tonic seizures
• Absence seizures
• Grand mal (GTCS)
• Clonic seizures
• Atonic seizures
• Myoclonic seizures [4]

(20) Carbamazepine

• Partial seizures

(21) Vigabatrin

• Infantile spasm with tuberous sclerosis

(22) ACTH

• Infantile spasm

(23) Lorazepam (IV)

• Status epilepticus

(24) Diazepam

• Febrile seizures

(25) Magnesium Sulphate

• Seizure in eclampsia

Drugs Of Choice List in poisoning

(26) Physostigmine

• Atropine,
• Belladonna  &
• Dhatura poisoning

(27) Atropine

• Carbamate,
• Early mushroom poisoning,
• Organophosphate poisoning.

(28) Flumazenil

• Benzodiazepine poisoning

(29) Acetylcysteine

• Acetaminophen poisoning

(30) Naloxone

• Opioid poisoning

(31) Deferiprone

• Chronic iron poisoning

(32) Desferrioxamine

• Acute iron poisoning

(33) Glucagon

• Beta-blockers poisoning

(34) Amyl nitrate

• Cyanide poisoning

Drugs Of Choice List in bronchial asthma

(35) Salbutamol

Salbutamol is the drug of choice for

• An acute attack of bronchial asthma in normal patients and pregnant women.
• Exercise & Aspirin-induced acute attack of bronchial asthma.

(36) Ipratropium

• An acute attack of bronchial asthma during labor.
• An acute attack of bronchial asthma on beta-blocker therapy.

(37) Corticosteroids

• Prophylaxis of bronchial asthma,
• Exercise-induced, and
• Aspirin-induced asthma.

Drugs Of Choice List In Antimicrobials Prophylaxis

(38) Ampicillin

• Group B streptococcus infection

(39) Amoxicillin

• Endocarditis and Otitis media

(40) Azithromycin

• Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) Pertussis

(41) Benzathine penicillin

• Rheumatic fever

(42) Procaine Penicillin

• Gonorrhea and syphilis

(43) Tetracycline

• Rickettsial infection and plague.

(44) Cefazoline

• Surgical Prophylaxis

(45) Doxycycline

• Anthrax

(46) Trimethoprim and sulphamethoxazole

• Toxoplasmosis,
• Pneumocystis service UTI

(47) Rifampicin

• Hemophilus influenza type B.

(48) Oseltamivir

• Influenza Type A & B.

Anesthetic Drugs Of Choice List

(49) Propofol

• Daycare

(50) Sevoflurane

• Congenital heart disease,
• ASD,VSD,PDA

(51) Etomidate

• Ischemic heart disease

(52) Ketamine

• Asthma and COPD
• Shock
• CHF, and
• congenital heart disease (Right to left shunt)

(53) Thiopentone

• Epilepsy
• Thyrotoxicosis

(54) Methohexitone

• Electroconvulsive therapy

(55) Isoflurane

• Cardiac surgery
• Neurosurgery
• For producing deliberate hypotension

Drugs Of Choice List in Endocrinological Disorders

(56) Insulin

• Type 1 DM
• Diabetes Mellitus in pregnancy.
• Diabetic Ketoacidosis.
• Uncontrolled DM.

(57) Metformin

• Type 2 DM
• Diabetes mellitus in obesity

(58) Sildenafil

• Erectile Dysfunction

(59) Hydrocortisone

• Acute and chronic adrenal insufficiency.

(60) Nateglinide

• Postprandial hyperglycemia.

(61) Methotrexate

• Ectopic pregnancy

(62) Oxytocin

• Postpartum hemorrhage
• Induction of labor

(63) Cabergoline

• Acromegaly
• Hyperprolactinemia.

(64) Finasteride

• Anogenital alopecia.

(65) Alendronate

• Osteoporosis

Drugs of choice in fungal infections

(66) Amphotericin B

Amphotericin B is the drug of choice in

• Meningeal histoplasmosis
• Endocarditis by candida
• Sever or CNS blastomycosis
• Induction  cryptococcal meningitis(For 2 weeks)
• Exserohium

(67) Fluconazole

• Candida albicans
• Maintainance in cryptococcal meningitis

(68) Itraconazole

• Nonmeningeal histoplasmosis
• Sporotrichosis
• Para Coccidioidomycosis
• Mild or non-CNS blastomycosis
• Chromoblastomycosis
• Penicillium mameffei

(69) Prednisolone+itraconazole/Voriconazole

• Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis.

(70) Caspofungin

• Candida glabrate, and
• Candida krusei.

Drugs of choice in gastrointestinal disorders

(71) PPIs (Proton Pump Inhibitors)

• Gastric ulcer,
• Duodenal ulcer,
• stress ulcer,
• NSAIDs-induced ulcer.
• GERD,& Zollinger Ellison syndrome.

(72) Metoclopramide

• A migraine-associated or drug or disease-associated vomiting

(73) Domperidone

• Levodopa-induced vomiting

(74) Ondansetron

• Postoperative or radiation-induced vomiting

(75) 5HT3 antagonist

• Cisplatin-induced early vomiting

(76) Lactulose

• Hepatic encephalopathy

(77) Methylnaltrexone

• Opioid-induced constipation

(78) Octreotide

• Diarrhea in carcinoid syndrome

Drugs of choice in Hematological Disorders

(79) Warfarin

• DVT prophylaxis
• Chronic atrial fibrillation in mitral stenosis,
• Advanced kidney disease, and
• mechanical prosthetic heart valves

(80) Heparin+Warfarin

• Initiation of therapy in DVT.

(81) Vitamin K

• Warfarin overdose

(82) Protamine

• Heparin overdose

Drugs of Choice in Hypertension

(83) Thiazide diuretics

• Hypertension

(84) Prazosin

• Hypertension With BPH

(85) Beta-Blockers

• Hypertension with ischemic heart disease. (Angina)

(86) ACE inhibitors

• Hypertension with chronic kidney diseases.

(87) Alpha methylDopa

• Hypertension in pregnancy

(88) Phentolamine

• Hypertensive emergencies with cheese reaction

(89) Nitroprusside + Esmolol

• Hypertensive emergencies in aortic dissection.

(90) Labetalol

• Hypertensive emergencies in pregnancy.

Drugs of choice in shock

(91) Adrenaline

• Anaphylactic shock

(92) Dopamine or noradrenaline

• Cardiogenic shock

(93) Phenylephrine

• Distributive shock

(94) Prazosin

• Secondary shock

(95) Dopamine

• Shock with oliguria

(96) Corticosteroids

• Shock due to adrenal insufficiency

Drugs of choice For viral diseases

(97) Ribavirin

• Viral hemorrhagic fever
• Measles
• Respiratory syncytial virus(in high-risk patient

(98) Zanamivir

• Oseltamivir-resistant influenza
• Oseltamivir
• Seasonal influenza and avian influenza (bird flu)

(99) Acyclovir

• Herpes simplex and varicella.
• Valacyclovir
• Acute herpes zoster.

(100) Gancyclovir

• Cytomegalovirus retinitis.

References

 

 

1. Pregnancy outcome following first trimester exposure to chloroquine [Cited 11/29/2020] [Available: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2029276/#:~:text=Although%20the%20use%20of%20chloroquine,during%20pregnancy%20has%20been%20controversial.]
2. THE CHOICE OF ANTIBACTERIAL DRUGS. [Cited 11/29/2020] [Available  https://journals.lww.com/infectdis/fulltext/2001/12000/the_choice_of_antibacterial_drugs.21.aspx
3. Metronidazole. [Cited 11/29/2020] [Available https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/neuroscience/metronidazole]
4. Valproate Efficacy in Absence Seizures Is Hard to Beat: Lamotrigine Comes Close [Cited 11/29/2020] [Available https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1176308/]

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