Generic Drugs

Clindamycin was first approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 1970. Clindamycin is a Lincosamide antibiotic used for treatment of serious infections caused by susceptible bacteria. It is most often used for treating penicillin-allergic patients or in other situations where penicillin or other such antibiotics cannot be used.Examples of infections that are treated with clindamycin include:pneumonitis, and lung abscess)Serious skin and soft tissue infections,Serious respiratory tract infections (for example, empyema,Female pelvic and genital tract infections (for example, endometritis) and ovarian abscess. The usual adult dose is 150 – 300 mg 4 times a day (every six hours) depending on the severity of the infection your doctor may prescribe 300 – 450 mg every six hours.while The usual dose for paediatric population is 3 – 6 mg/kg 4 times a day (every six hours) depending on the severity of the infection.Children under one year of age and/or under 10 kg may require a lower dose.   It blocks protein synthesis of bacterium by binding to the 50S ribosomal subunits of the bacterium. Specifically, it binds primarily to the 23s RNA subunit. Topical clindamycin reduces free fatty acid concentrations on the skin and suppresses the expansion of Propionibacterium acnes (Corynebacterium acnes) , an anaerobe found in sebaceous glands and follicles. Common side effects of Clindamycin include;nausea,diarrhea,vomiting,joint pain,stomach pain,sore throat,vaginal itching or discharge,skin rash or itching,heartburn,changes in bowel habits .Some of the serious side effects of Clindamycin including;dark urine or changes in the amount of urine,yellowing eyes/skin (jaundice). Clindamycin falls into pregnancy category B. Studies in animals have failed to demonstrate a risk to the unborn baby and there are no proven risk in human.clindamycin generally considered to be safe during pregnancy. Before taking this medication, tell your doctor or pharmacist if you are allergic to lincomycin; or if you have any other allergies,Tell about your medical history, especially of:  kidney disease,liver disease,stomach/intestinal diseases (e.g., colitis, Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea), allergic conditions (e.g., asthma, hay fever, eczema).Also Tell your doctor or dentist before having surgery that you are using this drug.

Trazodone also called Pliva 433 is an oral Antidepressant drug approved by US FDA in 1982. It affects the chemical messengers (neurotransmitters) within the brain that nerves use to communicate with (stimulate) each other. The major neurotransmitters are acetylcholine, norepinephrine, dopamine and serotonin. Many experts believe that an imbalance among the different neurotransmitters is the cause of depression. Although the exact mechanism of action of trazodone is not known, it probably improves symptoms of depression by inhibiting the uptake of serotonin by nerves in the brain. This results in more serotonin to stimulate other nerves. Trazodone also may increase directly the action of serotonin. Trazodone is chemically Not related to the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), the tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) or the monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAO inhibitors).   The more common side effects of trazodone can include:sleepiness,dizziness,blurred vision and Constipation Serious side effects and their symptoms can include the following:Thoughts of suicide and worsening depression,Serotonin syndrome,Vision problems,Irregular or fast heartbeat or faint,Low blood pressure,Unusual bruising or bleeding,Erection that lasts longer than 6 hours,Hyponatremia (low sodium in your blood). Usual Adult Dose for depression is 150 mg/day initially in divided doses is recommended. The dose may be increased by 50 mg/day every three to four days. The maximum dose for outpatients usually should not exceed 400 mg/day in divided doses. Inpatients (ie, more severely depressed patients) may be given up to but not in excess of 600 mg/day in divided doses. Trazodone is a pregnancy category “C” Drug By US FDA. This drug should be used during pregnancy only if the benefit outweighs the risk to the fetus.

Gabapentin is in a group of drugs referred to as anti-epileptic medication, also known as an anticonvulsant. It affects chemicals and nerves within the body that are involved in the cause of seizures and a few types of pain. Gabapentin is used to treat partial seizures. It’s taken along with other seizure medications in adults and in children 3 years of age and older who have epilepsy. The dose for adults and youngsters aged 12 years or over is between 300mg and 900mg per day. The dose might then be increased step by step to a maximum of 3600mg each day. The dose for children aged six years and above depends on the weight of your child. The treatment is started with a low initial dose that is gradually increased over a period of about three days. The standard dose to control epilepsy is 25-35mg per kg per day. Postherpetic neuralgia: This is pain from nerve damage caused by shingles, a painful rash that affects adults. Shingles infection with the varicella herpes zoster virus. This virus happens in those that have had chicken pox. The dose for peripheral neuropathic pain is  between 300 mg and 900 mg daily. The dose might then be increased step by step to a maximum of 3600mg daily. Restless legs syndrome: This condition causes discomfort within the legs, leading to a robust urge to move them.It generally happens whensomeone is relaxing or sleeping. Dose for Restless leg syndrome is 600 mg orally once daily with food at about 5 PM Gabapentin Side Effects: Here is a list of most expected side effects from Gabapentin. Common side effects Dizziness or losing your co-ordination Tiredness or feeling sleepy Feeling sick or vomiting Memory problems Getting more infections than usual Weight gain – gabapentin can make you feel hungry Swollen arms and legs Dry mouth Blurred vision Difficulties for men getting an erection Serious Side Effects Changes in mood or anxiety. Changes in behavior and thinking, especially in children ages 3 to 12 years. Serious and life-threatening allergic reaction. Warnings This drug can cause life threatening conditions in older people and those who are suffering from COPD. It may cause suicidal thoughts so it’s better to stay alert and report your doctor if you see changes in your thoughts. If you feel dizzy or drowsy after taking Gabapentin, avoid it. Avoid taking it if you are already taking antacid and other drugs. Antacid containing magnesium and aluminum may interfere with the absorption of this drug. Do not take this medicine too often or increase your dose without consulting your doctor. Your condition will not improve quickly and the risk of serious side effects may increase. Do not stop taking this medicine without consulting your doctor. Some conditions can get worse when the medicine is stopped suddenly. Your diet may need to be reduced gradually. Learn more about different drugs and medicines

Ipratropium is a muscarinic antagonist structurally related to atropine however typically considered safer and more effective for inhalation use. It’s offered as a nasal spray, pressurised inhalation solution called a metered dose inhaler (MDI), and inhalation solution given through a nebulizer machine. It is used to control and stop symptoms (wheezing and shortness of breath) caused by ongoing lung disease (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease-COPD which includes bronchitis and emphysema) and also the common cold Use With Cautions In those who have difficulty passing urine, for example  men with enlarged prostate (prostatic hypertrophy) or individuals with an obstruction of the bladder ,Glaucoma and individuals vulnerable to narrow-angle glaucoma And cystic fibrosis. Ipratropium Mechanism Of action Ipratropium works within the lungs, where it blocks receptors known as muscarinic receptors that are found on the muscle surrounding the airways. A natural chemical referred to as acetylcholine usually acts on these receptors, causing the muscle within the airways to contract and also the airways to narrow. Ipratropium blocks the muscarinic receptors within the lungs and thus stops the action of acetylcholine on them. this permits the muscle around the airways to relax and also the airways to open. This makes it easier for individuals with bronchial asthma or COPD to breathe. Therapeutic indications And Doses Ipratropium bromide is indicated for the treatment of reversible bronchospasm related to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Dose: For treatment of acute bronchospasm in adults and childrens over 12 years is 500 micrograms. Ipratropium bromide is indicated, when used concomitantly with inhaled beta2-agonists, for treatment of reversible airways obstruction as in acute and chronic bronchial asthma. Dose:Children 0 – 5 years of age (for treatment of acute bronchial asthma only):125 – 250 micrograms (i.e. half to one} vial of 250 micrograms in 1ml) up to a total daily  dose of 1 mg (4 vials). Side effects: Some of the more common side effects of ipratropium include: Pharyngitis (sore throat) Upper respiratory tract infection, such as the common cold Headache Nosebleeds Nasal irritation Nasal dryness SERIOUS SIDE EFFECTS Serious side effects and their symptoms can include the following: Allergic reactions. Symptoms can include: Blurred vision Eye pain Skin rash Itching Hives Swelling of your lips, tongue, throat, or face Trouble breathing or swallowing

Pantoprazole is in a class Of drugs called proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), that block the production of acid by the stomach. Pantoprazole blocks the enzyme within the wall of the stomach that produces acid. By obstruction the enzyme, the production of acid is reduced, and this enables the stomach and esophagus to heal. It is used for the treatment of conditions like ulcers,& gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and Zollinger-Ellison syndrome that are caused by stomach acid. It is not Used for immediate relief of heartburn Symptoms. Pantoprazole is well absorbed. It undergoes very little first-pass metabolism leading to an absolute bioavailability of roughly 77% and its protein binding is 98%. The Food and Drug Administration approved Pantoprazole in February 2000. Side effects: Most common side effects The most common side effects that occur with pantoprazole include: Nausea or vomiting Diarrhea Headache Stomach pain Gas Joint pain Dizziness Serious side effects Low Mg levels. using this drug for three months or longer will cause low magnesium levels. Vitamin B-12 deficiency. using this drug for longer than three years will make it tougher for your body to absorb vitamin B-12. Severe diarrhea. this could be caused by  Clostridium difficile infection in your intestines. Bone fractures Kidney injury. Cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE). Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Pregnancy and breast-feeding There aren’t any adequate information from the use of pantoprazole in pregnant ladies. Excretion into human milk has been reported. If you’re pregnant or assume you will be pregnant, or if you’re breast-feeding, you must use this medication only if your doctor considers the benefit for you bigger than the potential risk for your unborn child or baby. Dosage: The usual dose is one tablet (40mg) on a daily basis For Reflux oesophagitis. The usual dose For stomach and duodenal ulcer is one tablet (40mg) on a daily basis. The usual adult dose for For Zollinger-Ellison syndrome is  40 mg twice daily, to a maximum of 240 mg per day.