Manzoor (Pharm D)

A Professional Pharmacist, a passionate blogger, and fountainhead of DrugsBank. You can learn more about Manzoor here

Serovital Review: Promises and Realities [August 2025]

Article Title Block Serovital Review: Promises and Realities Discover how SeroVital claims to turn back the clock—does it deliver on its promises? Manzoor Khan A Professional Pharmacist with over 9 years of experience in writing about health and supplements Expert Pharmacist Last Updated: 01 June 2025 Wrinkles, grey hair, memory loss, muscle loss, and decreased stamina…..are the signs of the natural aging process. But the question is, can we reverse these symptoms and stop aging? Science is continuously trying to slow aging and increase longevity, but we all know growing old is 100% inescapable. However, certain factors that trigger the aging process can be slowed down. Like in most cases, the decreased level of certain hormones, such as human growth hormone, can fluctuate and cause dry skin, wrinkles, and reduced stamina. [1] Deficiency of the HGH hormone may lead to many health issues and speed up your aging process. For example, you may lose your lean muscle mass or face joint problems due to lower HGH levels. On the other hand, you may feel tired and lethargic all day long. Aging also occurs because of cell damage due to free radicals. Also, metabolic changes in your body may contribute to the aging process, like your cells constantly turning food into energy and producing byproducts, which may be harmful. Other causes of aging include exposure to toxins, harmful foods, the sun, pollution, smoke, etc. After some time, these factors can prompt tissue damage, and the body falls behind in its capacity to keep up and fix cells, tissues, and organs. These changes can be slowed down if you take care of your body and diet. For improving the HGH level, you have two options: either inject the artificial human growth hormone or take some supplements that can naturally boost the HGH levels. Artificial growth hormones are harmful and illegal to use without a doctor’s instructions. Different natural supplements also claim to improve your aging signs by maintaining your healthy HGH levels. One such supplement is Serovital. In this article, we will review Serovital HGH.  First, let’s have a quick overview of the product, followed by a full review below. Serovital Review—Everything You Need To Know In this buyer’s guide, we will tell you what Serovital is, its pros and cons, its side effects, what is in Serovital, and what the research says about it. Please note that one of our team members has personally tested Serovital, and based on his experience, we will be going to tell you if it’s worth your hard money or not. What Is Serovital HGH? Serovital is a natural HGH-boosting supplement from SanMedica International, a US-based dietary supplement company founded in 2010 that is known for manufacturing anti-aging products.  The company promotes an anti-aging process by reducing wrinkles’ appearance, improving sleep quality energy, and reducing body fats. The product is promoted primarily to women over 45 years old, but the question is, is there any Serovital for men, too?  While it seems like the product is geared toward women, they say that men can also use Serovital because this dietary supplement is a mixture of amino acids, herbal extracts, and some vitamins and minerals that can be used by both men and women.  Serovital claims to be backed by science. In addition, the ingredients present in this HGH booster are all-natural, derived from plants and food extracts, as opposed to synthetic chemicals or compounds. Serovital reviews state that it is a powerful formula that boosts your body’s production of human growth hormone to help you overcome aging. Its formula contains a combination of amino acids that work together to boost your body’s production of human growth hormone to help make you feel younger, stronger, and more energetic. In addition, some of the herbs are known for their ability to increase human growth hormone levels in the body naturally. According to the manufacturer, these amino acids, vitamins, and herbal extracts will energize the body’s human growth hormone (HGH). It’s important to note that there is no HGH (Human growth hormone) in this product because the direct use of HGH is illegal in most cases. Serovital offers many different variants; some are oral capsules, while others come in serums and creams for topical use. Here are some popular brands from Serovital; Serovital Serovital Advanced Clear Balance Serovital TriHydrate Concentrate The original Serovital is a combination of different amino acids, herbal extracts, and many different vitamins and minerals that promote glowing skin, improve energy, and manage a healthy weight.  The Advanced Complex is loaded with HGH-boosting ingredients for more beautiful aging skin because of its ability to stimulate new cell growth and diminish signs of premature aging like sagging or underdeveloped facial features, among other things! Serovital Advanced has three key ingredients: Ceramides, which help reinforce dryness on the surface layers to absorb moisture into deeper levels; Hyaluronic Acid, which hydrates the skin and makes it beautiful. So, SeroVital ADVANCED is the perfect solution for anyone who wants to improve their skin health (reduce wrinkles, laugh lines, etc.), boost stamina, and reverse the signs of aging. It provides more youthful and wrinkle-free skin without causing the side effects that you get from prescription medications like HGH injections.  The company also offers another product known as Clear Balance—which is also designed to promote a clearer appearance, support hormonal balance, reduce feelings of stress, and boost mood. The Serovital ClearBalance is made from a high dose of 30mg of Zinc, 2 grams of Myo inositol, and a 250mg proprietary blend of specific amino acids.  Serovital also offers a topical formulation like TriHydrate™ Concentrate, which is made from 3% purified hyaluronic acid. This HA helps prevent moisture and hydrate, plump, and firm your skin. This formula contains ingredients that help strengthen the skin, while hyaluronic acid will hydrate it. Collagen peptides are included because they promote youthful-looking skin by smoothing out wrinkles in the long run. But is Serovital worth the money? Or is it just another marketing trick? Well – I

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SF180 Brain Pill Review: Does It Work (Pharmacist’s Guide)

Does your mind suddenly goes blank and often forget names? If so your brain needs a boost, which you can get from a high-quality nootropic. Nootropics are supplements that promote healthy brain function and improve focus and concentration. In this SF180 Brain Pill Review, you will learn about the product, its pros and cons, ingredients, side effects if any, and where to buy it. You will also read some SF180 Brain Pill Reviews from verified and real customers. SF180 Brain Pill is a dietary supplement claimed to maintain healthy brain function. It will also burn extra fat, maintain lean muscle, and better brain health. The company behind this stack is also involved in other weight loss, stress, and anxiety products. What is SF180 Brain Pill? SF180 Brain Pill is another self-proclaimed premium nootropic product that claimed to have many brain health benefits. According to the company, the product increases blood supply and oxygen levels to the brain cells, increasing your brain power and improving your focus and concentration.  SF180 Brain Pill comes in 60 capsule bottles enough for one month’s supply, and the price of one pack is around $36.40/pack. Which means SF180 Brain Pill is not a cheap product but does it work that way or another scam?  Let’s find out what’s inside the formula and how they make such huge claims. SF180 Brain Pill Ingredients SF180 Brain Pill is a combination of vitamins and herbs that they think will boost your brain performance. 1. Bacopa Monnieri—300mg The core product core ingredient is bacopa monnieri, along with some vitamins and natural herbs. Bacopa monnieri herb is commonly used in Chinese and ayurvedic medicine for centuries to improve brain function and treat epilepsy and anxiety. [1] Also, some animal and human studies suggest that these natural ingredients may improve brain function. [2], [3] Other health benefits of using Bacopa monnieri are reducing stress, anxiety, and depression. It may also work against inflammation, and high blood pressure because this herb contains some apoptogenic activity.  2. Ginkgo Biloba—100mg Another ingredient is Ginkgo Biloba which is most often used in many nootropic and sexual health products. Ginkgo biloba has many health benefits it also contains potent antioxidant activity, and due to this reason, this herb has many health benefits, including fighting the damaging effects of free radicals. [4] According to a small double-blind, randomized controlled study, supplementing the Ginkgo biloba may improve mental performance and overall health.[5] 3. Eleuthero extracts —150mg. Eleuthero is also known as Siberian Ginseng but please note that this is different from American Ginseng. It has also been used for thousands of years.  Eleuthera has low evidence to support its use in memory boosting. Still, some studies suggest that it can improve energy levels, increase metabolism, and positively affect heart health. [6] 4. GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid)—66.6 mg This is a neurotransmitter, and it provides a protective and calming effect on the brain and body. It is also used in many anti-stress and anxiety supplements.   SF180 Brain Pill Pros and Cons SF180 Brain Pill Side Effects—Is it Safe To Use? The product is generally considered safe to use and may not cause any side effects in many cases. However, like other health products, it is a combination and may cause some minor side effects.  Here is a list of SF180 Brain Pill Side Effects; As it contains Bacopa some of the adverse effects are; Stomach cramps. Diarrhea. Nausea. Bloating. Dry mouth. Increased bowel movements and Fatigue. Some of the common side effects associated with the use of Ginkgo Biloba are  Dizziness, Constipation, increase heartbeat, and some allergic reactions Other ingredients present in the formula may also cause some minor side effects.  If you are allergic to any of the ingredients of SF180 pills, please avoid them and consult your doctor.  Don’t use it If you are already taking other medication or you have an underlying medical condition.  Where to buy SF180 Pills? The best place to buy this product is Amazon because of the trusted shipping policy. You may also find it other than on Amazon. Make sure the product you are getting is 100% original and free from toxic chemicals. SF180 Brain Pill Alternatives? Hundreds of thousands of nootropic products are on the market that claims to be the best brain booster, but many of them are scams.  Let’s find out what the high-quality SF180 Brain Pill alternatives are. Brain Pill® Mind Lab Pro Qualia Mind Prevagen Neuriva Brain Performance. Bottom Line—SF180 Brain Pill Review If you are looking for a nootropic stack, this may work up to some degree, but in my opinion, there are many other products that work well and have high-quality ingredients.  One of the products I recommend is Brain Pill, a combination of 13 potent and proven ingredients for brain health.  Brain Pill also offers 67-day money-back guarantee, making it easy for you to test the product.  Now it’s up to you which one to buy.

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It Works Hair Skin And Nails Review: Does It Work? Ingredients etc

It’s time for the “It works hair skin and nails review”—a dietary supplement aimed to promote collagen and keratin production that leads to healthy and lustrous hair while also improving nails and skin health. Having glowing and elastic skin, lustrous hair, and beautiful nails is a dream of every teenager, and all of this depends on a sufficient intake of nutrients. Certain supplements pretend to provide all the essential vitamins and minerals needed for the said benefits—but the question is, are they safe to use, and how to get the right product? The right topical products, along with the proper oral nutrients can help you improve your skin tone, nail, and hair health. Some of the best topical products like Kollagen Intensiv, and Skinception stretch mark therapy creams can help you accelerate your collagen production and reduce the appearance of stretch marks on your skin.  While an oral product like Prolifica is a standout product in the men’s hair regrowth industry, this product can help you block DHT production and encourage fast and healthy hair growth. Nutrafol Women is another best supplement for hair health because of its high-quality ingredients and positive customer feedback. But In this “It works hair skin and nails review,” we will only discuss this product and its ingredients, side effects, dosage, and customer works hair skin and nails reviews.  What Is “It Works Hair Skin And Nails”? It Works Hair Skin And Nails is a dietary supplement specially designed to help your natural collagen and keratin production. It also moisturizes and enhances skin’s elasticity, and flexibility supports the body’s defenses against free radical damage and promotes healthy shiny, and strong hairs. It is manufactured by a US-based MLM company named “It Works”. The company is known for producing high-quality beauty and nutrition products. It Works Hair Skin And Nail comes in a 60 tablets container, and you will need to pay around $55—you can also get it for $38.99 if you become a loyal customer. The product only targets women audiences looking for high-quality hair growth products, but this supplement can be used by anyone seeking such effects. Does “It Works Hair Skin and Nail” Work? To check any product’s potency and efficacy, you have to either test it yourself or ask its consumers and read its verified reviews.  Another way to find a product’s efficacy is to check out all the ingredients and the research behind each and every ingredient. Readers on this site, please note that this “It Works Hair Skin And Nail Review” is based on our honest opinion and the statement on this page are comments based on observations. The product is a blend of different vitamins, minerals, and other ingredients to help contribute toward healthy hair. It also contains some antioxidants that can help prevent free radicals and improve your skin and nail. Some of the customers on Amazon were also happy with the results and according to one customer, this product has made their hair and nails grow faster. Some customer was not satisfied with the results. It Works Hair Skin And Nail Ingredients The supplement each serving (2 tablets) contains Vitamin A as retinyl palmitate—900mcg, Biotin —10,000mcg, Zinc as Zinc citrate—20mg, Copper as Copper gluconate—2mg, Manganese—4mg, MSM (Methylsulfonylmethane)—300mg, Hydrolyzed Keratin—30mg, Vitamin C —400mg, Vitamin E —60IU, Vitamin B6 —4mg, Pantothenic Acid —20mg, Selenium —140mcg, Alpha Lipoic Acid —50mg, Gotu Kola Extract 120mg, and Proprietary Blend 400mg contains (Grape Seed Extract, Fo-Ti Root, Goji Fruit Extract, Amla Fruit Extract, Horsetail Extract, Haematococcus Pluvialis Whole Algae Extract, Japanese Seaweed Blend, Olive Fruit Extract, Melon Concentrate). How does It work? This product is specially designed to naturally promote healthy and shiny hair growth by boosting your natural collagen and keratin production. As this product contains biotin and vitamin E, which can help you regrow your lost hair and nourish the weak hair follicles. This dietary supplement also supports the body’s defenses against free radical damage and moisturizes your skin’s elasticity and flexibility. This is all because of vitamin C, a potent antioxidant that leads to collagen production and connective tissue development, vital for youthful skin and beautiful nails.  Is It Safe To Use—It Works Hair Skin And Nails Side Effects Based on the ingredients present in this supplement, I think this product is entirely safe and will not cause any severe side effects if the daily recommended dose is not exceeded. The product is free from dangerous and harmful chemicals that are banned for human use. However, as we all know, every product uses some binders, flavors, colors, preservatives, and fillers for stability, formulation, and taste but these inactive ingredients might cause some undesirable side effects. Some minor It Works Hair Skin And Nails Side Effects are; Nausea Stomach upset Skin Rashes and Itching One customer experience a skin breakout. If you have no vitamin B6 deficiency, it might cause burning feet and hands. Consult your doctor if you are already taking other medications or have other medical conditions. Keep out of reach of children and don’t use it if the seal is broken or missing. Pros and cons of It Works Hair Skin And Nails It Works Hair Skin And Nails Dosage The usual recommended dietary intake of this supplement is two capsules per day with foods. Each bottle contains 60 Hair, Skin, and nail capsules and will last for one month. Avoid it if you are a pregnant or breastfeeding woman because the safety of each ingredient has not been fully confirmed. Also, don’t use it if you are allergic to any of the ingredient present in It Works Hair Skin And Nails. Verdict—It Works Hair Skin And Nail Review If you are looking for an oral hair growth supplement, this might be a good choice for you, but we believe that there are other hair growth products to choose from. They are made from premium ingredients and provide a guarantee of their products. Some of the best hair, skin, and nail vitamins and supplements are Prolifica, the #1 Rated for

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Ageless Male Max Review By A Pharmacist: Legit Or Scam?

Ageless Male Max Review By A Pharmacist: Legit Or Scam? Ageless Male Max Review By A Pharmacist: Legit Or Scam? Professional Analysis Based on 9+ Years of Pharmaceutical Experience Manzoor Khan Pharmacist with 9+ Years Experience f 𝕏 in Sajid Ali Pharm.D, MPhil, PhD Scholar Medical Reviewer Published: August 21, 2025 | Last Updated: August 21, 2025 Are you struggling with low energy, decreased muscle mass, and diminished libido as you age? As a licensed pharmacist with over 9 years of experience reviewing testosterone boosters, I’ve analyzed countless supplements claiming to restore youthful vitality. Today, I’m diving deep into Ageless Male Max to answer the critical question: Does this popular testosterone booster actually work, or is it just another expensive placebo? 🎯 Quick Verdict 7.5/10 Ageless Male Max contains properly dosed Ashwagandha KSM-66 (600mg) and supportive ingredients that align with clinical research. While the SPECTRA blend remains underdosed, the core testosterone-supporting ingredient is optimally formulated. The premium price is more justified with the corrected dosing information. Based on updated ingredient analysis, clinical research review, and customer feedback assessment. 📋 Ageless Male Max Quick Overview ✅ Contains Ashwagandha KSM-66 ⚡ Testosterone & Nitric Oxide Support 🌿 Natural Ingredients 💊 2 Capsules Daily 💰 $49.95 per bottle ⏰ 30-day supply 🛒 Check Price on Amazon 📖 Our Top Recommendation What is Ageless Male Max? Ageless Male Max is a dietary supplement marketed as a “total testosterone and nitric oxide booster” designed specifically for men experiencing age-related hormonal decline. Manufactured by New Vitality, this product positions itself as an advanced formula targeting multiple aspects of male health. According to the manufacturer, Ageless Male Max differentiates itself by claiming to boost “total testosterone” rather than just free testosterone, which comprises only about 3% of total testosterone in the body. The product is priced at $49.95 for a 30-day supply and requires a dosage of two capsules daily. 🔬 Professional Assessment From my pharmaceutical perspective, the concept of targeting total testosterone is theoretically sound. However, the effectiveness ultimately depends on ingredient quality, dosing, and bioavailability – factors we’ll examine in detail below. Ingredient Analysis: A Pharmacist’s Perspective Ingredient Amount per Serving Therapeutic Dose Assessment Vitamin D3 41.7mcg (1,668 IU) 1,000-4,000 IU ✅ Adequate Ashwagandha KSM-66 600mg 450-600mg ✅ Properly dosed Zinc 15mg 15-30mg ✅ Minimum effective SPECTRA Blend 100mg (23 ingredients) Variable ❌ Severely underdosed Key Ingredient Breakdown 🌿 Ashwagandha KSM-66 (600mg) What it is: Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) is an adaptogenic herb traditionally used in Ayurvedic medicine. KSM-66 is a patented, full-spectrum root extract that’s considered the gold standard for ashwagandha supplementation. Clinical Evidence: Multiple studies demonstrate KSM-66’s effectiveness for testosterone support. A landmark 2019 study published in the American Journal of Men’s Health showed that men taking 600mg daily experienced a 15-17% increase in testosterone levels after 8 weeks 📚 Study Link. Clinical Dosage vs. Ageless Male Max: The effective clinical dose ranges from 450-600mg daily. At 600mg, Ageless Male Max hits the optimal therapeutic range – this is actually one of the product’s strongest points. 🦴 Vitamin D3 (1,668 IU) What it is: Vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) is the most bioactive form of vitamin D, essential for hormone production and overall male health. Clinical Evidence: Research shows that men with adequate vitamin D levels have significantly higher testosterone than those who are deficient. A 2011 study in the journal Hormone and Metabolic Research found that vitamin D supplementation increased testosterone by 25% in deficient men 📚 Study Link. Clinical Dosage vs. Ageless Male Max: The optimal range is 1,000-4,000 IU daily. At 1,668 IU, this falls within the effective range and is well-dosed for most men. ⚡ Zinc (15mg) What it is: Zinc is an essential mineral crucial for testosterone synthesis, immune function, and wound healing. Clinical Evidence: Zinc deficiency is directly linked to low testosterone. Studies show that zinc supplementation can increase testosterone levels by 30-40% in deficient individuals 📚 Study Link. Clinical Dosage vs. Ageless Male Max: The therapeutic range is 15-30mg daily. At 15mg, this meets the minimum effective dose but could be higher for optimal results. 🥦 SPECTRA Proprietary Blend (100mg) What it is: SPECTRA is a proprietary blend of 29 polyphenol-rich fruits and vegetables designed to increase nitric oxide production and provide antioxidant support. Complete SPECTRA Ingredient List: • Coffee (fruit) • Green Tea (leaf) • Broccoli Sprout (seed) • Onion (bulb) • Apple (skin) • Acerola (fruit) • Quercetin (flower) • Tomato (fruit) • Broccoli (floret & stem) • Camu-Camu (fruit) • Acai (fruit) • Turmeric (root) • Garlic (clove) • Basil (leaf) • Oregano (leaf) • Cinnamon/Cassia (bark & stem) • Carrot (root) • Elderberry (fruit) • Mangosteen (fruit) • Blackcurrant (fruit) • Blueberry (fruit) • Sweet Cherry (fruit) • Blackberry (fruit) • Chokeberry/Aronia (fruit) • Raspberry (fruit) • Spinach (leaf) • Kale (leaf) • Bilberry (fruit) • Brussels Sprout (edible head) Clinical Evidence: SPECTRA has been clinically tested to increase nitric oxide levels by up to 64% 📚 Research Data. Individual components like quercetin and green tea extract have substantial research backing. Clinical Dosage vs. Ageless Male Max: While 100mg sounds modest, SPECTRA is a concentrated extract. However, with 29 ingredients, each component averages only 3.4mg – likely too small for significant individual effects. 💊 B-Vitamins Complex What they are: Niacin (B3), B6, and B12 are essential vitamins for energy metabolism and nervous system function. Clinical Evidence: B-vitamins support energy production and may help with fatigue. B6 specifically plays a role in hormone regulation 📚 Research Review. Clinical Dosage vs. Ageless Male Max: The doses provided are adequate for basic nutritional support but not therapeutic levels. ✅ Updated Assessment With the corrected Ashwagandha dosage of 600mg, Ageless Male Max performs better than initially assessed. The KSM-66 is now properly dosed according to clinical standards, which significantly improves the product’s potential effectiveness. Does Ageless Male Max Actually Work? Based on my analysis of the corrected formula and available research, Ageless Male Max shows more promise than initially assessed. With properly dosed Ashwagandha KSM-66 at 600mg, this

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Nugenix Review: Total T & Ultimate: Legit Or Scam?

Nugenix Total T Review: A Pharmacist’s Honest Analysis Nugenix Total T Review: A Pharmacist’s Honest Analysis Professional evaluation of ingredients, effectiveness, safety, and real-world performance of this popular testosterone booster Manzoor Khan, PharmD Professional Pharmacist | 9+ Years Supplement Research Experience Published: August 15, 2025 | Medically Reviewed by: Sajid Ali, PharmD, MPhil, PhD Scholar Why Trust This Review? As a licensed pharmacist with over 9 years of experience in supplement analysis and health writing, I provide evidence-based reviews backed by clinical research and real-world testing. Every supplement undergoes rigorous evaluation following pharmaceutical standards. Can a $60-65 supplement really boost your testosterone by 42%? With declining testosterone affecting over 36% of men over 45, Nugenix Total T promises a natural solution. But after analyzing 127 clinical studies and testing this supplement for 90 days, the reality is more complex than the marketing suggests. 📊 Quick Verdict Bottom Line: Nugenix Total T contains clinically-studied ingredients but falls short in dosing and transparency. While some users report modest improvements in energy and libido, the proprietary blend approach and underdosed key nutrients limit its effectiveness compared to more comprehensive formulations. Overall Rating ⭐⭐⭐☆☆ 3.2/5 – Decent but not exceptional Nugenix Total T Natural testosterone support supplement with eurycoma longifolia (Tongkat Ali extract) Contains clinically-studied eurycoma longifolia Supports free testosterone levels Natural herbal blend formula 30-day money-back guarantee Available at major retailers 3 capsules daily serving Shop Now on Amazon Our Top Recommendation ✅ What We Like Clinically-studied ingredients: Contains researched compounds like eurycoma longifolia Natural formulation: No synthetic hormones or banned substances Money-back guarantee: 30-day return policy shows manufacturer confidence Widely available: Found at major retailers and online platforms Positive user feedback: Many customers report improved energy and mood ❌ Areas of Concern Underdosed key ingredients: Zinc at only 1mg (recommended: 15-30mg) Proprietary blend opacity: Exact doses of some ingredients not disclosed Missing essential nutrients: Lacks Vitamin D, Magnesium, and D-Aspartic Acid Premium pricing: $2.1 per serving is above average for the market Limited third-party testing: No readily available COAs or purity certificates How We Evaluate Supplements At our pharmaceutical review standards, every supplement undergoes comprehensive analysis through our 8-step evaluation process, developed over 9 years of professional practice: 1. Ingredient Quality & Formulation We identify each active ingredient, verify sources and purity, check dosages against clinical research, and evaluate formulation quality. 2. Scientific Evidence & Efficacy Review peer-reviewed studies, assess research-backed dosages, and determine if benefits are supported by credible data. 3. Safety Profile Check for side effects, drug interactions, contraindications, and third-party testing for contaminants. 4. Manufacturer Transparency Investigate company history, certifications (GMP, NSF), manufacturing standards, and ingredient disclosure practices. 5. User Experience Analysis Analyze verified customer reviews, identify patterns in results and side effects, and include first-hand testing when possible. 6. Cost & Value Assessment Compare price per serving to market alternatives, evaluate quality versus price point, and review refund policies. 7. Ethical Considerations Assess if products are vegan, cruelty-free, sustainably sourced, with eco-friendly packaging and corporate responsibility. 8. Overall Rating Criteria Safety, efficacy, transparency, value, and trustworthiness are weighted to provide a comprehensive final score. What Is Nugenix Total T? Nugenix Total T is a natural testosterone support supplement manufactured by Adaptive Health LLC, designed to help men maintain healthy testosterone levels as they age. The product combines vitamins, minerals, and herbal extracts in a proprietary blend called “Nugenix Free Testosterone Complex.” Unlike synthetic testosterone replacement therapy, Nugenix Total T aims to support the body’s natural hormone production through nutritional support. The supplement targets men experiencing age-related testosterone decline, which typically begins around age 30 and decreases by approximately 1-2% annually. Key Product Claims: Supports free testosterone levels Enhances muscle strength and mass Improves libido and sexual performance Boosts energy and vitality Supports overall masculine health Detailed Ingredient Analysis As a pharmacist, I’ve analyzed each ingredient based on clinical research, bioavailability, and dosing adequacy. Here’s my comprehensive breakdown: Vitamin B6 (as Pyridoxine HCl) – 2mg Dose: 2mg | Recommended: 1.3mg daily | Status: ✅ Adequate What it is: Essential vitamin involved in over 100 enzymatic reactions, particularly protein metabolism and neurotransmitter synthesis. Clinical Evidence: While not directly testosterone-boosting, B6 deficiency can impair hormone production. Studies show adequate B6 levels support healthy testosterone in deficient individuals. Safety: Well-tolerated at this dose. Upper limit is 100mg daily. Vitamin B12 (as Methylcobalamin) – 2.4mcg Dose: 2.4mcg | Recommended: 2.4mcg daily | Status: ✅ Adequate What it is: Essential vitamin for DNA synthesis, red blood cell formation, and neurological function. Methylcobalamin is the active, bioavailable form. Clinical Evidence: Limited direct impact on testosterone. Some research on PubMed suggests B12 deficiency may affect sperm quality and male fertility. Safety: Excellent safety profile with no established upper limit. Zinc (as Zinc Chelate) – 1mg Dose: 1mg | Recommended: 15-30mg daily | Status: ❌ Severely Underdosed What it is: Essential mineral crucial for testosterone production, immune function, and protein synthesis. Clinical Evidence: Multiple studies from Science Direct and Examine.com demonstrate zinc supplementation (15-30mg daily) can increase testosterone in deficient men. One study showed 75% increase in testosterone with zinc supplementation. Safety: Safe up to 40mg daily. The 1mg dose here is inadequate for therapeutic benefit. ⚠️ Pharmacist Note: This is the most concerning aspect of the formula. Zinc is one of the most important testosterone-supporting minerals, yet it’s present in homeopathic amounts. L-Citrulline – 1,125mg Dose: 1,125mg | Recommended: 3-6g daily | Status: ⚠️ Underdosed What it is: Amino acid that converts to L-Arginine in the body, supporting nitric oxide production and blood flow. Clinical Evidence: Studies from PubMed show L-Citrulline improves blood flow and may enhance erectile function. Effective doses range from 3-6g daily according to Examine.com research. Safety: Generally safe with minimal side effects. GI upset possible at higher doses. Eurycoma Longifolia Extract (Tongkat Ali) – 100mg Dose: 100mg | Recommended: 200-400mg daily | Status: ⚠️ Moderately Underdosed What it is: Southeast Asian herb traditionally used for male vitality and stress reduction. Clinical Evidence: Studies from PubMed suggest 200-400mg daily may support testosterone

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Ketoprofen (Profenid Tablet): Uses, Side Effects, Dosage etc

Profenid tablet contain an active ingredient known as Ketoprofen. It belong to a group of drugs called Non Steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs). It is used for rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, tooth extraction pain, Acute gout, Inflammation in backbone and spinal, painful menstruation, inflammation after soft tissue injuries, swollen joints,and other conditions. Profenid Tablet is manufactured by Sanofi Aventis. Mechanism Of Action Ketoprofen (Profenid tablet) is used for its antipyretic, analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties by cyclooxygenase-1 and -2 (COX-1 and COX-2) Enzymes reversibly inhibits, which reduces the production of pro-inflammatory prostaglandin precursors. This results in a decrease in prostaglandin levels that mediates pain, fever and inflammation. Profenid Tablet Uses Ketoprofen is used in the Treatment, Prevention and Control of the following symptoms and diseases. Profenid tablet is used to relieve pain from various conditions. It also reduces pain, swelling, and joint stiffness from arthritis. This medication is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). It works by blocking your body’s production of certain natural substances that cause inflammation. This effect helps to decrease swelling, pain, or fever. Tooth extraction pain. Acute gout. Inflammation in backbone. Rheumatoid arthritis. Osteoarthritis. Inflammation in spinal. Painful menstruation. Used in musculoskeletal disorder such as low back pain, sciatica, bursitis, synovitis, tendinitis and fibrositis. Note: Ketoprofen (Profenid)  may also be used for purposes not listed in this medication guide. Profenid tablet (Ketoprofen) Side Effects The more common side effects that can occur with ketoprofen include: Nausea Diarrhea Stomach upset Drowsiness Headache Dizziness Serious side effects and their symptoms can include the following: Heart attack or stroke. Kidney damage Heart failure. Stomach problems, such as ulcers or bleeding. Liver problems. Skin reactions. Allergic reactions. Contraindications Profenid Tablet is a contraindicated in case of Hypersensitivity. In addition, Profenid Tablet should not be used if you have the following conditions: Gastrointestinal bleeding Active peptic ulcer Alcohol Breastfeeding. Interaction With Other Drugs Profenid Tablet may interact with the following drugs and products: Antacids Aspirin Diuretics Digoxin Warfarin Probencid Lithium Methotrexate This can increase the risk of side effects or can make your medication not work properly. Tell your doctor about all the medicines, vitamins, and herbal supplements you use to help your doctor prevent or control drug interactions. Profenid tablet in pregnancy Taking ketoprofen (Profenid) during the last 3 months of pregnancy can harm the unborn baby. Do not use this medicine without medical advice if you are pregnant. Profenid in Breastfeeding  It is not known if ketoprofen passes into breast milk or if it could harm a baby. Do not use this medicine without medical advice if you are breast-feeding a baby. Profenid Tablet Dosage The recommended initial dose is 100 to 200 mg per day, which is taken regularly throughout the day in unit doses of 50 mg with food. It is important that you use the lowest dose that relieves pain. Ketoprofen should not be taken longer than necessary to control the symptoms. Frequently Asked Questions 1. What are the uses of Profenid?  Profenid contain ketoprofen which is NSAID and is used for Rheumatoid arthritis, Osteoarthritis, tooth extraction pain, Acute gout, Inflammation in backbone, Inflammation in spinal, Painful menstruation, Inflammation after soft tissue injuries,Swollen joints,and other conditions. 2. What are the side effects of Profenid?  Side effects associated with the use of this medicine are Nausea, Diarrhea, Stomach upset, Drowsiness, Headache, Dizziness. For more check above. 3. Is Profenid safe in Pregnancy?  Consult your doctor before using this medicine as it can harm your baby. It is contraindicated especially in the third trimester of pregnancy. 4. Is Profenid safe while Breastfeeding?  It is unknown if ketoprofen passes into breast milk or if it could harm a baby. Do not use this medicine without medical advice if you are breast-feeding a baby. 5. How long does it take for profenid to work? It takes 30 minutes to show it’s effect while last for up to 6 hours after taking a ketoprofen dose. However, if your condition has not improved after taking ketoprofen, you should call your doctor. 6. Can you overdose on profenid? A slight overdose of ketoprofen usually does not cause serious problems. The person may have abdominal pain and vomiting. A large overdose can cause serious harm to children and adults. In case of an emergency or overdose, call local emergency services or go to the nearest emergency department. 7. What should I do if I miss a dose? If you miss a dose of Profenid, take it as soon as possible. However, if it is almost time for the next dose, skip the missed dose and take your usual dose as planned. Do not take a double dose. 8. How should I take profenid? Take it orally. It can be taken with food because of the stomach upset. If you have persistent abdominal pain, talk to your doctor or pharmacist. 9. How do I store Profenid? Profenid is best kept at room temperature in relation to direct light and humidity. To avoid damaging drugs. Do not store it in the bathroom or in the freezer. For your safety, keep all medicines out of the reach of children and pets. You should not throw it in the toilet or pour it into a sewer unless you are asked to do so. It is important to dispose of this product properly when it is out of date or no longer needed. Contact your pharmacist for more information on safely disposing of the product. 10. Does the food or alcohol work with Profenid? It may interact with food or alcohol by altering the mode of action of the drug or increasing the risk of serious side effects. Talk to your doctor or pharmacist about possible interactions with food or alcohol before using this medication. 11. What is the dose of Profenid for a child? The dosage has not been established in children under 15 years of age. This can be dangerous for your child. It is always important to understand the safety of the drug before using it. Contact your doctor or pharmacist for more information.

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VigRx Plus Review: Does It Work In 2025?

VigRX Plus Review: My 7-Week Test & Honest Results VigRX Plus Review: My 7-Week Test & Honest Results A pharmacist’s unbiased analysis after personally testing this popular male enhancement supplement By Manzoor Khan, PharmD Licensed Pharmacist | 10+ Years Experience in Supplement Research Facebook LinkedIn Twitter Medically Reviewed by: Sajid Ali, PharmD, MPhil, PhD Scholar Expert in Pharmacognosy & Clinical Research Published: January 15, 2025 | Last Updated: October 25, 2025 Have you ever wondered if natural male enhancement supplements actually work, or are they just expensive placebos preying on men’s insecurities? I’m Manzoor Khan, a licensed pharmacist with over a decade of experience analyzing supplements. When my editor asked me to review VigRX Plus, I was skeptical. I’ve seen countless products make big promises but deliver disappointing results. But VigRX Plus kept appearing in my research—not just in marketing materials, but in actual clinical studies and genuine customer testimonials. So I decided to do what I always do: dig deep into the science, analyze every ingredient, and yes, test it myself for 7 weeks. This isn’t a promotional piece. I’m going to share exactly what I found—the good, the bad, and everything in between. If you’re considering VigRX Plus, or just curious about whether male enhancement supplements have any merit, this review will give you the evidence-based answers you need. VigRX Plus ★★★★★ 9.0/10 Rating ✓ Clinically Studied Formula ✓ Doctor Recommended ✓ 67-Day Money-Back Guarantee ✓ Natural Ingredients 💚 What I Liked Backed by actual clinical research (rare in this industry) Transparent ingredient dosing—no proprietary blends Noticeable improvements in energy and performance Manufactured in cGMP-certified facility Generous 67-day guarantee (not the typical 30) No prescription needed ❌ What Could Be Better Premium price point ($76.99/month at full price) Takes 4-6 weeks to see full results Only available through official website Must take 2 pills daily for consistency Not suitable for men under 18 Shop Now – Official Site View Similar Products How We Evaluated VigRX Plus As a pharmacist, I don’t rely on marketing claims. I evaluate supplements based on scientific evidence, manufacturing quality, ingredient transparency, and real-world effectiveness. Here’s how VigRX Plus scored across five critical categories: Safety & Efficacy 90/100 What we analyzed: Clinical trials, reported side effects, contraindications, and safety profile. The verdict: VigRX Plus has been clinically studied with positive results and minimal side effects. The 84-day double-blind study showed significant improvements in erectile function and sexual satisfaction. Ingredient Transparency 95/100 What we analyzed: Full ingredient disclosure, dosage amounts, and comparison with clinical research. The verdict: Excellent transparency. Every ingredient is listed with exact dosages—no proprietary blends hiding weak formulations. Dosages align well with research-backed effective amounts. Manufacturing Standards 92/100 What we analyzed: cGMP certification, third-party testing, quality control processes. The verdict: Manufactured in a cGMP-certified facility with strict quality controls. While not third-party tested by NSF or USP, the company maintains high manufacturing standards. Brand Reputation 88/100 What we analyzed: Company history, FDA compliance, customer service, and transparency. The verdict: Leading Edge Health has been in business for over 20 years with no FDA warning letters. Strong customer service and clear refund policy boost credibility. Scientific Evidence 85/100 What we analyzed: Peer-reviewed studies, ingredient research, and clinical trial quality. The verdict: Strong evidence base. While the main VigRX Plus trial was industry-funded (common in supplement research), individual ingredients have independent research supporting their use. Price & Value 85/100 What we analyzed: Cost per serving, bulk discounts, guarantee policy, and comparison with alternatives. The verdict: Premium pricing ($76.99/month) but bulk discounts available. The 67-day guarantee and proven effectiveness justify the cost for serious users. What Is VigRX Plus? (Beyond the Marketing) What the company claims: VigRX Plus is marketed as a “doctor-recommended” natural supplement that enhances male sexual performance, increases libido, improves erection quality, and boosts overall sexual confidence. What it actually is: VigRX Plus is a carefully formulated blend of 10 natural ingredients with documented effects on blood flow, testosterone levels, and sexual function. Unlike many competitors using “fairy dust” dosing, VigRX Plus uses clinically relevant amounts of each ingredient. It’s manufactured by Leading Edge Health, a company that’s been around since 2001 and has a track record in the men’s health supplement space. The product works primarily through two mechanisms: improving nitric oxide production for better blood flow to penile tissues, and supporting healthy testosterone levels for enhanced libido and sexual performance. My honest take: After analyzing hundreds of supplements, VigRX Plus stands out for its transparency and clinical backing. That said, it’s not a miracle cure—it’s a supplement that supports natural physiological processes. If you’re dealing with serious medical conditions like diabetes-related ED or severe hormonal imbalances, you need to see a doctor, not just take supplements. VigRX Plus Ingredients: Deep Dive Analysis As a pharmacist, I always start with ingredients. Marketing can say anything, but the formula tells the truth. Let me break down each ingredient in VigRX Plus, comparing the doses with clinical research and explaining what each one actually does. Korean Red Ginseng (Panax Ginseng) 200mg per serving What it does: Korean Red Ginseng has been used in traditional medicine for centuries, but modern research backs up its reputation. It contains compounds called ginsenosides that improve nitric oxide synthesis, leading to better blood flow and erectile function. Clinical dose comparison: Studies showing erectile function improvements typically use 600-1,000mg daily. VigRX Plus provides 200mg per 2-capsule serving (400mg daily), which is on the lower end but still within the therapeutic range when combined with other ingredients. The science: A 2002 study published in the Journal of Urology found that Korean Red Ginseng significantly improved erectile function compared to placebo. Multiple studies confirm its ability to enhance sexual arousal and satisfaction. View Clinical Study on PubMed Ginkgo Biloba Leaf 200mg per serving What it does: Ginkgo Biloba is one of the most researched herbs in the world. It works as a vasodilator, meaning it helps blood vessels relax and widen, improving circulation throughout the body—including to the penis. Clinical

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Lorazepam: Uses, Side effects, Dosage & FAQs

Lorazepam belongs to a class of medications called benzodiazepines. This medicine works by improving the action of a particular natural chemical (GABA). This medicine can be used in the short term for the treatment of sleep disorders. Insomnia is a medical condition that causes low sleep quality and insufficient sleep over a prolonged period. They affect the brain and nerves (central nervous system) and have a calming effect that relieves anxiety symptoms. It is a medication prescribed for the treatment of anxiety. It is available as different brand names, but the most popular brand is Ativan. It is available on prescription only, and it comes in tablet and liquid dosage form. It is not allowed and is dangerous to purchase this medicine from online or offline pharmacies. Lorazepam Uses It is used to treat and prevent the following conditions Anxious mood Panic disorder Insomnia Social anxiety disorder Generalized anxiety disorder Mechanism of action Lorazepam binds to GABA-A receptors, which are ionotropic pentamer receptors in the CNS. The association potentiates the effects of the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA, which, when combined, opens the chloride channel into the receptor, allowing the chloride to enter and cause hyperpolarization of the neuron. As this drug increases the activity of GABA in the brain, it increases these calming effects. Precautions You should not take this medication if you have: Myasthenia gravis; Narrow-angle glaucoma; If you have a history of an allergic reaction to any benzodiazepine. To make sure it is safe for you, tell your doctor if you have: Epilepsy; kidney or liver disease Open-angle glaucoma; Asthma or other breathing disorder; Lorazepam Side effects More common side effects The more common side effects of Lorazepam include: Dizziness Drowsiness Weakness Some people may also experience less frequent side effects, such as: Lack of coordination Confusion Fatigue Depression Restlessness Headache While Serious side effects can include the following: Breathing effects. Psychological and physical dependence Serious allergic reactions. Suicidal thoughts. Interaction Tell your doctor if you are already taking other medicines like Anti Anxiety medication Aminophylline or theophylline; Probenecid Antidepressant; Narcotic pain medicine; Phenobarbital Seizure medicine; Cold or allergy medicine Sleep medicine, Dosage for Lorazepam The dose of Lorazepam will be adjusted to the needs of the patient. The usual dose for treating anxiety is 2 to 6 mg orally every 8 to 12 hours as needed. Insomnia is treated with 2-4 mg at bedtime. It is recommended not to use it for longer than four weeks. Pharmacokinetics The duration of action of Lorazepam following IM administration is about 6-8 hours, and the peak plasma concentration is 60-90 minutes. The average sedative dose is 2 mg. Frequently Asked Questions  1. Is it safe to take during pregnancy? Do not use Lorazepam if you are pregnant. This medicine can cause congenital disabilities. Your baby can also become addicted to drugs. This can lead to fatal withdrawal symptoms of the baby after birth. Babies born dependent on the usual generators may need to be medically treated for several weeks. If you are pregnant or planning to become pregnant, talk to your doctor. Use effective contraception to prevent pregnancy while taking this drug. 2. Is Lorazepam safe during breastfeeding? Lorazepam can pass into breast milk and harm a baby. It would help if you did not breastfeed while using this drug. 3. Can you drive while taking Lorazepam? Lorazepam causes drowsiness and muscle weakness and may affect your ability to concentrate, alertness, and judgment. These effects can last until the next day. Do not drive or operate machinery. If you have ever received this drug during minor outpatient treatment, it is essential to have someone else available to accompany you to your home. You are not allowed to drive in the next 24 to 48 hours. 4. Can you drink alcohol with Lorazepam? No, it would help if you did not drink any alcohol while taking Lorazepam or the day after taking it because this drug’s effect may last until the next day. Alcohol can affect you more than usual when you take benzodiazepine. It will probably also make drowsiness worse and cause concentration, alertness, coordination, and judgment problems. It can also cause you to lose your inhibitions or prevent you from controlling your emotions.

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5 Best Over The Counter ED Pills Recommended By Pharmacist

5 Best Over The Counter ED Pills Recommended By Pharmacist 2025 5 Best Over The Counter ED Pills Recommended By Pharmacist Evidence-Based Guide to Natural Erectile Dysfunction Treatments & Non-Prescription ED Pills That Actually Work Manzoor Khan, PharmD Licensed Pharmacist • 9+ Years Experience FB X LN Medically Reviewed by: Sajid Ali, PharmD, MPhil PhD Scholar in Pharmaceutics Published: January 2025 Updated: September 2025 “Can you really buy effective ED pills over the counter? What about those claims of ‘natural Viagra alternatives’? As a licensed pharmacist with nearly a decade of experience, I’ll separate fact from fiction and show you what actually works.” 🚀 Quick Answer: Best OTC ED Pills (2025) VigRx Plus — Our #1 Rated Male Enhancement Supplement Zyrexin — Best Runner Up Over The Counter Erection Pills Havasu L-Arginine — Best Single Ingredient ED Support Libido Max — Best Low Libido Supplement For Male & Female Virectin — Premium Natural Alternative Browse All Male Enhancement Supplements 💊 Our Top Recommended ED Supplement ✅ Clinically-studied natural ingredients ✅ 67-day money-back guarantee ✅ No prescription required ✅ Minimal side effects reported ✅ Over 1.2 million bottles sold Shop Now More Alternatives Understanding Over The Counter ED Pills: Myths vs. Reality Can you buy Viagra over the counter? This is one of the most frequently asked questions I encounter as a pharmacist. The short answer is no – true Viagra (sildenafil) requires a prescription. However, there are legitimate over-the-counter alternatives that may help with erectile dysfunction symptoms. Erectile dysfunction (ED) affects approximately 30 million men in the United States alone. This widespread condition, also called impotence, is the inability to get and maintain an erection firm enough for sexual intercourse. Important Clarification: While there are no FDA-approved over-the-counter ED medications equivalent to prescription drugs like Viagra or Cialis, several natural supplements contain ingredients with scientific evidence supporting their potential benefits for erectile function. Common Causes of Erectile Dysfunction Understanding the root causes helps determine which best ED pills non prescription options might be most effective: Psychological factors: Stress, anxiety, depression Physical conditions: Cardiovascular disease, diabetes, hypertension Lifestyle factors: Smoking, excessive alcohol, lack of exercise Age-related changes: Natural decline in testosterone and blood flow Medications: Certain antidepressants, blood pressure medications Science-Based Natural Alternatives to ED Pills While prescription medications like sildenafil work by inhibiting PDE5 enzymes, natural alternatives to Viagra often focus on improving blood flow, reducing oxidative stress, and supporting overall sexual health through different mechanisms. Key Active Ingredients in OTC ED Supplements L L-Arginine for ED: The Nitric Oxide Booster L- Arginine is an amino acid that may improve your ED by increasing the blood supply to your penile tissues. It is the most commonly found ingredient in many OTC pills. Mechanism: L-arginine is converted to nitric oxide (NO) in the body, which helps relax blood vessels and improve circulation to penile tissues. Clinical Evidence: A study published in the Iranian Journal Of Psychiatry found that L-arginine combined with Yohimbine showed significant improvement in mild to moderate erectile function. Effective Dosing: Studies typically use 3-5 grams daily, taken on an empty stomach for better absorption. The average dose per day is tolerated for upto 30 grams. Potential Side Effects: L-arginine may cause gastrointestinal upset, diarrhea, and can interact with blood pressure medications. Consult your healthcare provider if you’re taking heart medications. D DHEA (Dehydroepiandrosterone): The Hormone Precursor DHEA (dehydroepiandrosterone) is a hormone naturally produced by the adrenal glands, often used as a supplement to support hormonal balance, energy, and healthy aging. It serves as a precursor to both testosterone and estrogen in the body. Background: DHEA is a steroid hormone naturally produced by the adrenal glands. Levels decline with age, and deficiency has been linked to sexual dysfunction. Research Support: A study in the Journal of Urology found that men with ED had significantly lower DHEA levels compared to those without ED. Typical Dosing: 25-50mg daily, though individual needs vary significantly. Cautions: DHEA can affect hormone levels and may cause acne, hair growth changes, and mood alterations. Not recommended for individuals with hormone-sensitive conditions. G Ginkgo Biloba: The Circulation Enhancer Ginkgo Biloba, derived from one of the oldest living tree species, is valued for its ability to support circulation, memory, and overall cognitive function through its rich antioxidant profile. Traditional Use: Used in traditional medicine for centuries, ginkgo is believed to improve circulation and cognitive function. ED Applications: Some studies suggest ginkgo may help with ED if used along with sex therapy and some studies also suggest that it can help with antidepressant-induced sexual dysfunction and improve blood flow to extremities. Standard Dosing: 120-240mg daily of standardized extract (24% flavone glycosides, 6% terpene lactones). However, taking 40mg thrice daily or 80 mg twice daily is the safest dose and is also used in most studies. Note: Results are typically seen after 6-8 weeks of consistent use. Ginkgo may increase bleeding risk when combined with anticoagulants. Y Yohimbe Bark Extract: The Alpha-2 Blocker Yohimbe Bark Extract, sourced from the bark of the African Pausinystalia yohimbe tree, is traditionally used to promote vitality, energy, and healthy blood flow. Active Compound: Yohimbine HCl, derived from the bark of the African yohimbe tree, is actually FDA-approved for treating ED. Mechanism: Works by blocking alpha-2 adrenergic receptors, which can improve blood flow and nerve transmission involved in erections. Clinical Studies: Research in the Journal of Sexual Medicine shows modest effectiveness, particularly for psychological ED. Significant Cautions: Yohimbe can cause anxiety, elevated heart rate, and high blood pressure. Not recommended for individuals with cardiovascular conditions, anxiety disorders, or those taking MAO inhibitors. H Horny Goat Weed (Epimedium): The PDE5 Inhibitor Horny Goat Weed, a traditional herb in Chinese medicine, is prized for supporting stamina, vitality, and overall sexual health through its naturally occurring compound icariin. Active Compound: Icariin, the primary bioactive component, has been shown to have mild PDE5 inhibitory effects similar to prescription ED medications. Traditional Use: Used in Traditional Chinese Medicine for centuries to enhance libido and sexual function. Modern Research: Laboratory

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Clomiphene Citrate: Uses, Side Effects, Dosage & FAQs

Clomiphene citrate is a nonsteroidal drug for fertility in females. It acts on the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, and ovary to increase follicle-stimulating hormone levels (FSH) and luteinizing hormone. Increased levels of these hormones improve the chances of growing an ovarian follicle that can then trigger ovulation. It is used to treat infertility in women. This drug is not recommended for women whose ovaries no longer produce eggs properly. Clomiphene Citrate is a white to light yellow crystalline powder that is practically odorless. It is freely soluble in methanol; soluble in ethanol; sparingly soluble in acetone, water, and chloroform; and insoluble in ether.  Clomiphene is a non-steroidal fertility drug. It causes the pituitary gland to release the hormones necessary to stimulate ovulation. [1] Ovulation is the process of releasing an egg from the ovary.  Clomiphene is used to cause ovulation in women with certain conditions (such as polycystic ovary syndrome) that prevent natural ovulation. Different Brands Clomid Milophene Serophene Important Before taking this medicine Avoid using clomiphene citrate if you are allergic c to it or any other ingredients present in the formulation. If you have abnormal bleeding from your vagina (unexplained bleeding). It should not be used in patients with ovarian enlargement except those with polycystic ovary syndrome. Also, don’t take clomiphene citrate if you have previous or current liver disease; All those who a pituitary gland or other brain tumor; It is important to note that avoid the use of this medicine if you are pregnant. Clomiphene citrate Side Effects At a recommended dose, the clomiphene citrate is tolerated well and should not cause any side effects. However, as we know with every medicine, there must be some side effects associated. The adverse effects are usually mild and transient, and most will disappear promptly after treatment is discontinued. Adverse effects (Occur in less than 1% of patients in clinical trials) Constipation Acute abdomen Increase appetite Depression Dermatitis Dizziness Diarrhea Fatigue Increase urinary frequency Hair loss Insomnia Nervous tension Lightheadedness Vaginal dryness Ovarian enlargement Breast discomfort Please keep in mind that this is not a complete list of adverse effects. It may also cause side effects. Please consult your doctor if you feel other effects. Frequent (more than three treatment cycles) use of this medicine may also increase the risk of developing an ovarian tumor. Higher doses of Clomiphene can also cause irreversible visual disturbances, or a condition called ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS). It is a life-threatening condition, and the symptoms of OHSS are; Nausea, Abdominal pain, Weight gain, Gas, and Shortness of breath. Fertility treatment can increase the likelihood of multiple births (twins, triplets). These are high-risk pregnancies for both the mother and the babies. Clomiphene Dose The usual recommended dose of clomiphene citrate is 50-250 mg per day for five days from day 2, 3, 4, or 5 of spontaneous use or induced bleeding.  Start with the lowest dose and increase the dose in increments of 50 mg/day per cycle until ovulation is achieved. The dose should be increased only in those females who do not ovulate in response to cyclic 50 mg clomiphene. It is important to note that the usual recommended dose is 50mg per day. What happens if I overdose with Clomiphene citrate? The incidence of overdose has not been reported till now. However, if you overdose on these drugs you may show some signs and symptoms like nausea, vomiting, visual blurring, vasomotor flushes, scotomata, spots or flashes, ovarian enlargement with pelvic or abdominal pain.  Please don’t use more than the doctor recommended dose as it will not improve your symptoms; instead, it may cause severe adverse reactions.  Store Clomiphene at room temperature and away from heat and direct sunlight. Do not refrigerate this medicine. How Clomiphene Works? Clomiphene has both estrogenic and antiestrogenic properties, but the exact mechanism of action has not been determined. First, it binds to estrogen receptors. After that, the hypothalamus falsely perceives a low estrogen state and sends a signal to the pituitary to release more FSH (follicle stimulating hormones) is needed to make the follicle grow. Clomiphene citrate encounters the release of gonadotropins, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and luteinizing hormone (LH), which leads to the development and proliferation of ovarian follicles, ovulation, and subsequent development and function of the corpus luteum, thus resulting in pregnancy. Clomiphene citrate can interact with tissues that contain estrogen receptors, including the hypothalamus, pituitary, ovary, endometrium, vagina, and cervix. It may fight estrogen for estrogen receptor binding sites and can delay replenishment from intracellular estrogen receptors. Clomiphene citrate initiates some endocrine events. Clomiphene Contraindication Clomifene is contraindicated in the following conditions. It is contraindicated in people with hypersensitivity reaction or allergy to clomiphene citrate or other ingredients present in the formulation. It is also contraindicated in people with liver diseases or a history of liver dysfunction. It is a category X drug and should not be used in pregnant women. It is contraindicated in patients with abnormal and unexplained uterine bleeding. Should be avoided in people with ovarian cysts or enlargement not due to polycystic ovarian syndrome. It is also contraindicated in people with pre-existing mental depression or thrombophlebitis because of the risk of exacerbation.  Clomiphene citrate is also contraindicated in other conditions like uncontrolled thyroid or adrenal dysfunction or a pituitary tumor etc. Pharmacokinetics Clomiphene citrate absorbs well after oral administration. It is metabolized in the liver and excreted via the bile. Most of the drug is excreted through feces. For oral drugs, 50% of excretion is through feces and urinary tracts, while in the case of the intravenous route, around 37% excreted through this route. A small amount of unchanged clomifene is excreted through urine.  The biological half-life of this drug is about 5 days although traces are found in the feces for up to 40-45 days. Frequently Asked Questions 1. How long does it usually take to get pregnant on Clomid? Most of the women who use Clomiphene will ovulate after 7 to 10 days. Depending on the Clomiphene protocol you are using,

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