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New Antibiotic That is 1000 Times More Powerful Than its Predecessor

Scientists re-engineered an old version of antibiotic into a life saving drug that is more effective against all those bacteria which were resistant to previous one.because resistance of certain bacteria against antibioics is the major problem to the world health these days. The World Health Organisation warns antibiotic resistance is one in all the most important threats to international health, food security and development, with major diseases becoming harder to treat as a result of the medication used on them are getting less effective. The antibiotic, vancomycin, has been prescribed by physcians for 60 years and bacterium are only currently becoming resistant to it.The New Antibiotic That is 1000 times more powerful against bacterial resistance is the newer version of vancomycin .   Researchers at The Scripps research Institute (TSRI) in America have made some changes in Vancomycin and build it 1000 time more powerful than the prevailing one .This antibiotic attack the microorganism from three different sites making it a lot of harder for them to develop resistance. According to Researchers this version of antibiotic will be ready within the next 5 years. The researchers said physcians could use the modified type of vancomycin without concern of resistance emerging. According to some Reports approximately 50,000 people die per annum in USA and Europe because of the development of resistance against antibiotics. Previous studies by the Researchers team showed it absolutely was possible to add two modifications to vancomycin, a drug they labeled “magical” as a result of its strength against infection, to make it even more potent and reduce the number of the drugs required to have a similar impact.This means that scientists will build a third modification which interferes with a bacterium’s cell wall in a very new way,with promising results. Combined with the previous modifications, this alteration offers vancomycin a 1000 fold increase in activity.

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30 Health benefits of drinking lemon water

Health Benefits of drinking lemon water Alkalinize Your body Asthma treatment Balance blood sugar level Caffeine replacement Brain Food Balance PH Level Fight Cancer Cells Dissolve Phlegm Detoxifies Heart Food Help Hydrate our lymphatic System Help Treat Scurvy Help Treat Constipation Improve EyeSight Improve Digestive Health. Help Improve Our immune system increase metabolism and support weight loss. Keep your body hydrated Kills Worm Kill Free radicals Lower Stress Level Prevents Bad Breath Reduces Uric acid and Inflammation It improves your skin quality Urinary Tract Infection Prevention Best For Liver Health Lower High Blood Pressure Treat Kidney Stones And Prevent It. It is a good source of vitamin C .Vitamin C may reduce your risk of cardiovascular disease and stroke, and lower blood pressure. Research published in Stroke showed that people with low vitamin C levels. A Post workout drink. Side Effects: Apart From Benefits There are some Side Effects To be aware. Lemon contains citric acid, which may erode tooth enamel (an ironic twist for people using lemon to help bad breath). Heart Burn, GERD, And Ulcer: The acidic citric acid may stimulate heartburn in some people. Others may experience relief from heartburn since lemons become alkaline in the digestive tract. It Can also Worsen Canker Sores Frequent Urination. Maybe a Trigger For Migraine Patients.

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The Role Of Electrolytes In The Body

Any fluid that conducts electricity, is known as an electrolyte solution. the salt ions of which it’s composed are then commonly referred to as electrolytes. The Role Of Electrolytes is To Maintain The Balance of fluids between the intracellular and extracellular environments. Role Of Electrolytes Following are some of the most important Role of electrolytes In The Body; Calcium : Calcium Helps with muscle contraction, Cell Division, Blood Clotting, Nerve signaling, And Forming And Mainiting Bones And Teeth. Potassium: Keeps Blood Pressure Level stable, Regulates heart contraction, Help with muscle functions. Magnesium: Needed For Heart Muscle Contractions, Proper Heart Rhythms, Nerve Functioning, Bone Building And Strength, Reducing Anxiety, Digestion, And Keep A stable protein fluid balance. Sodium: Sodium Help Maintain Fluid Balance, Needed For Muscle Contractions And Help With nerve signaling. Chloride: is the major anion (negatively charged ions) found outside the cell. Chloride plays a critical role in keeping the proper balance of body fluids and maintaining the body’s acid-base balance. The normal chloride values are 96 to 106 mEq/L. Signs Of Electrolyte Imbalance: Anxiety And Trouble In Sleep Change In Heart Beat Problem In Digestion Confusing, Dizziness, And Irritability. Muscle Spasm Bone Pain. How To Treat Electrolyte Imbalance?   Treatment of electrolyte imbalance may vary depending on the underlying cause or which electrolyte is imbalanced. Treatments include: Intravenous liquids: Drink enough water but not too much. Monitor Your Sodium Intake Dietary changes. Minor electrolyte imbalances can be corrected by dietary changes and cutting way back junky foods. For example, Eating more leafy green vegetables will increase magnesium levels, consuming more potatoes, bananas or avocados will increase potassium levels.  Increasing your intake of celery and yogurt will increase sodium and calcium levels, respectively Certain Drugs Like Antibiotics, Diuretics, Anticancer Drugs, Blood Pressure And Hormonal Pills can All Impact Electrolyte Imbalance. It’s Very Important to drink enough water before, in and after exercise to keep you hydrated And If you train for a prolonged period of time it’s necessary to replenish your electrolyte stores since some electrolytes are lost when you sweat.

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Dengue Fever,Facts,Symptoms,Prevention & Treatment

Dengue: Dengue is a viral transmitted disease caused by any one of four closely related dengue viruses. This fever is transmitted by the bite of an Aedes mosquito infected with a dengue virus. The mosquito becomes infected when it bites a person with dengue virus in their blood. It can’t be spread directly from one person to another person. Facts: Unlike malaria mosquitoes, this mosquitos bite during the day with their activity peaking at dawn and dusk So It is preferable to have all day protection. Aedesaegypti lays eggs on the sides of containers and these remain stuck to the surface like glue. The eggs can survive without water for almost a year and hatch as soon as they are submerged in water. The female dengue mosquito can lay eggs in any container which can hold some water. It can also lay eggs in the toilet tanks. This mosquito prefers to rest indoors as this protects them from climatic changes thereby increasing their life span. Total number of Cases per Year is 390 million. Symptoms Symptoms of this fever usually develop suddenly 4 to 10 days after becoming infected. Symptoms can include: Severe headache High fever, Temperature can reach 40C (104F) or higher Severe Nausea ,Vomiting Pain behind the eyes Muscle and joint pain Red rashes Loss of appetite Feeling or being sick. Treatment for dengue There’s no specific treatment for this fever. Treatment involves relieving your symptoms while the infection runs its course. Take paracetamol to relieve pain and fever. Avoid aspirin or ibuprofen, as these can cause bleeding problems in people with dengue Drink plenty of fluids to prevent dehydration. Prevention To protect yourself: When outdoors, wear long-sleeved shirts and long pants tucked into socks. Use mosquito repellents, even indoors. When indoors, use air conditioning if available. Make sure window and door screens are secure and free of holes. If sleeping areas are not screened or air conditioned, use mosquito nets. Stay away from heavily populated residential areas, if possible. Get rid of things which are breedig ground for the mosquitos likes old tyres ,stagnant water,Properly cover Washroom containers .

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ACE inhibitors

Drugs Brands                    Generic Aceon                      Perindopril Altace                      Ramipril Accupril                  Quinapril Capoten                  Captopril Vasotec                   Enalapril Prinivil, Zestril      Lisinopril Lotensin                 Benazepril Univasc                   Moexipril Monopril                Fosinopril Mavik                      Trandolapril Mechanism of action They inhibit the converting enzyme which is responsible for the conversion of angiotensin 1 into angiotensin 2. Angiotensin 1 is a decapeptide that is formed from a plasma protien alpha globulin (angiotensinogen)by the action of renin. Renin is formed in the kidney.Angiotensin 1 is converted into angiotensin 2 by the converting enzyme in the blood vessels of the lungs that is an octapeptide. Angiotensin 2 is a powerful vasoconstrictor and it causes increased production of aldosterone from adrenal cortex.Aldosterone then causes the increase reabsoprtion of salt and water from the renal tubules.Angiotensin 2 is converted into angiotensin 3 that also increase the secretion of aldosterone from the adrenal cortex. Thus both angio 2 and angio 3 are responsible for increase in BP. Also ACE inhibitors prevent the destruction of bradykinin by angitensin converting enzyme that further decrease the blood pressure by causing dilation of peripheral blood vessel. Bradykinins is also a potent vasodilator but it partialy acts by causing the release of nitric oxide and prostacylin. Bradykinin is also responsible for causing cough and angioedema in some persons using ACE inhibitors. Uses ACE inhibitors are used for: Controlling high blood pressure Treating left ventricular dysfunction and heart failure Preventing and treating kidney disease (nephropathy) in people with hypertension or diabetes Preventing strokes   Side effects: Side effects may include dry cough,low blood pressure (hypotension),high potassium levels (hyperkalemia), dizziness,angioedema,reduced kidney function. Pregnancy: Do not use this medicine if you are pregnant, breastfeeding, or planning to get pregnant. If you need to use this medicine, talk to your doctor about how you can prevent pregnancy.  

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Classification Of Antianginal Drugs

Angina Pectoris  Angina pectoris is a disease that often occurs due to deposition of lipids material inside the coronary arteries. This causes narrowing of the coronary arteries and the patient feels Throbbing pain in the chest during exertion because narrowed arteries cannot cope with Increased demand of blood supply by the heart during physical exertion or mental stress. There are three main type of angina ; 1. Angina Of Effort This type of angina in which chest pain occurs during physical or mental stress is known as angina of effort. 2. Variant Angina Another less common type of angina occurs at rest due to spasm of the coronary arteries.This is known as variant angina or prinzmetal angina. 3. Unstable angina. A third Type of angina in is known as unstable angina in this type the disease is severe and patient feel pain in the chest even with a slight degree of exertion.This is s serious condition and if not treated can lead to myocardial infarction.Thus angina pectoris can be of the following three type; Classification Of Drugs Drugs Used in treatment and prevention  Of angina can be classified into three main groups; Organic Nitrates and Nitrites Nitroglycerin Isosorbide Dinitrate Isosorbide mononitrate Amyl nitrite.      2. Calcium Channel Blockers These can be further  divided into two groups; Dihydropyridines Amlodipine Nicardipine Nifedipine Nimodipine Nisoldipine Nitrendipine     2. Miscellaneous Drugs Verapamil Diltiazem Bepridil    3. Beta-Adrenoceptor Blockers These can be further subdivided into two groups; Beta 1 and Beta2 Antagonist Propranolol Penbutolol Pindolol Satolo Timolol Beta 1 Selective Blockers Metoprolol Atenolol Esmolol Acebutolol Betaxolol In case you’ve got stable angina (the most frequent kind ), you’re going to be given medication to consider when you experience an angina attack. You might even use glyceryl trinitrate  (GTN) to prevent an assault prior to doing something such as exercise. You could have a headache, itching or flushing soon after using it. Glyceryl trinitrate pills usually expire about 8 weeks following the package is started, at which point you will want to substitute them. GTN spray lasts considerably longer, so can be more suitable. To help avert more strikes, you will also must take at least 1 other medication daily for the rest of your life. Some people will need to take two or more medications. If you can not have either of these medications, you could be given another medication like ivabradine, nicorandil or ranolazine. Angina is a warning sign that you are in a greater risk of severe problems such as heart attacks or strokes. You might also have to take additional medicines to decrease this threat. These include:low-dose aspirin to stop blood clots and statins to Lower Your cholesterol (blood glucose ) amount while ACE inhibitors to Lower Your blood pressure Surgery Surgery may be recommended when medications are not helping control your angina. Both these operations are likewise powerful. The very best one for you depends upon your own circumstances. If surgery is recommended, speak with your physician or doctor about your alternatives. You are probably going to have to keep on taking some medications after operation. In case you’ve got unstable angina (where symptoms grow unpredictably), then you will need medicines to reduce blood clots and lower your chance of experiencing a heart attack or stroke. Surgery (either CABG or PCI) might be recommended if you’ve got a high risk of getting a different angina attack, or else you are at a higher risk of experiencing a heart attack or stroke.

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Metronidazole: Uses, Side Effects, Dosage

Metronidazole is a bactericidal drug.Available formulations -oral, intravenous, intravaginal, and topical.Brand Name Of Metronidazole is Flagyl. Mechanism of action The drug affects DNA replication by Blocking the production of nucleic acid. The activity of metronidazole against amoebae, Trichomonas,  and Giardia is also likely to be attributable to disruption of existing DNA and inhibition of its synthesis in those organisms.Due to this reason, Bacteria can’t survive. Indications With Doses Flagyl (Metronidazole)  is an antibiotic that is used to treat a wide variety of infections. It works by stopping the growth of certain bacteria and parasites.They May be used to treat;   1. Flagyl is Used to treat bacterial vaginosis. The usual dose is 400-500 mg twice a day for 5-7 days Or 2 grams as a single dose. 2.Also Used to Treat  Amebiasis In Acute Intestinal Amebiasis (Acute Amebic Dysentery) Usual Dose is 750 mg orally 3 times a day for 5 to 10 days And For Amebic Liver Abscess The Usual Dose Should be 500 to 750 mg orally 3 times a day for 5 to 10 days 3. Metronidazole in combination with other agents is used for Eradicating Helicobacter pylori bacteria from the gut in people with peptic ulcers. Bismuth quadruple therapy: A Dose of 250 mg orally 4 times a day clarithromycin-based triple therapy: A dose of 500 mg orally twice a day.Duration of therapy is 10 to 14 days pressure sores and leg ulcers that are infected with anaerobic bacteria. 4. Pressure sores and leg ulcers that are infected with anaerobic bacteria. Children 8 weeks-12 years: 20-30mg/kg/day as a single dose or divided into 7.5mg/kg every 8 hours for 7 days. Children under 8 weeks: 15mg/kg/day as a single dose or divided into 7.5mg/kg every 12 hours. 5. Painful inflammation and ulcers of the gums (ulcerative gingivitis). Adults and children over 10 years: 200mg three times a day. 6. Bacterial dental infections, eg dental abscesses. Extended-release Tablets: 750 mg orally once a day for 7 consecutive days 7. Bacterial infections in the abdomen (peritonitis). In Case Of oral administration Usual Dose Is 7.5 mg/kg orally every 6 hours for 7 to 10 days. In Case of Intravenous administration Usual Loading dose is 15 mg/kg IV once infused over 1 hour and then Maintenance dose is 7.5 mg/kg IV infused over 1 hour every 6 hours For 7 to 10 daysAbscess in the pelvic cavity, usually a result of an abdominal infection. 8. Bacterial infections of bone (osteomyelitis). In Case Of Intravenous Dose, Loading dose Of  15 mg/kg IV once infused over 1 hour Then Maintenance dose Of 7.5 mg/kg IV infused over 1 hour every 6 hours for 7 to 10 days.Don’t Exceed 4 g per day. In Case Of Oral Dose Immediate-release capsules and tablets 7.5 mg/kg orally every 6 hours For 7 to 10 days.Don’t Exceed 4 g per day. 9. Used For The Treatment Of Liver Abscess In Case Of Intravenous administration, Loading dose Should be  15 mg/kg IV once infused over 1 hour Then A Maintenance dose Of 7.5 mg/kg IV infused over 1 hour every 6 hours for 7 to 10 days In Case Of Oral Administration, Immediate-release capsules and tablets 7.5 mg/kg orally every 6 hours   Note : This antibiotic treats only certain bacterial and parasitic infections. It will not work for viral infections (such as common cold, flu). Using an antibiotic when it is not needed can cause it to not work for future infections.   Metronidazole side effects More common side effects The more common side effects that can occur include: Nausea or vomiting Diarrhea Metallic taste Headache Loss of appetite Heartburn Constipation Cramping in your stomach area   Serious side effects nervous system effects, including seizures and encephalopathy (abnormal brain function). Symptoms can include: Convulsions (sudden movements caused by tightening of your muscles) Dizziness Headache Confusion Ataxia (loss of control of body movements)     Warnings and precautions Talk to your doctor, pharmacist or nurse before taking Metronidazole tablets: if you are in the 2nd and 3rd Trimester of pregnancy if you have ever suffered from any liver disease if you have kidney disease, particularly if you require dialysis treatments if you have epilepsy or have ever had fits if you have been exposed to any sexually transmitted disease. if you have porphyria (a genetic disease that can cause skin blisters, abdominal pain and brain/nervous system disorders) if you have any nervous system disorders if you have any disorder of the blood.    

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Hepatitis C , Symptoms , Causes & Treatment

“Hepatitis” means inflammation of the liver. Toxins, certain drugs, some diseases, heavy alcohol use, and bacterial and viral infections can all cause hepatitis. Hepatitis is also the name of a family of viral infections that affect the liver; the most common types are Hepatitis A, Hepatitis B, and Hepatitis C   Difference Among Hepatitis A, B, and C? Hepatitis A, Hepatitis B, and Hepatitis C are diseases caused by three different viruses. Although each can cause similar symptoms, they have different modes of transmission and can affect the liver differently. Hepatitis A appears only as an acute or newly occurring infection and does not become chronic. People with Hepatitis A usually improve without treatment. Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C can also begin as acute infections, but in some people, the virus remains in the body, resulting in chronic disease and long-term liver problems. There are vaccines to prevent Hepatitis A and B; however, there is not one for Hepatitis C. If a person has had one type of viral hepatitis in the past, it is still possible to get the other types.   The hepatitis C virus infects the cells in your liver, causing inflammation (swelling and tenderness) and fibrosis. In people with chronic (long-term) hepatitis C infection, inflammation and fibrosis continue to spread. Over time, usually many years, this can lead to cirrhosis. Symptoms of Hepatitis C Hepatitis C affects people very differently – many people with it may have no symptoms at all and may never know they have the virus. There is often little or no relation between the seriousness of the symptoms and the damage to the liver. Symptoms are often hard to pin down and are frequently blamed on other problems. They can include: Mild to serious tiredness (fatigue) Anxiety Weight loss Loss of appetite Inability to tolerate alcohol Discomfort in the liver area (place your right hand over your lower right ribs and it will just about cover the area of your liver) Problems concentrating (‘brain fog’) Feeling sick Flu-like symptoms such as fever, chills, night sweats and headaches Yellow skin or eyes, called jaundice (this is very rare and is a sign of advanced disease or acute infection). Some of the symptoms may come and go. It is not unusual for people with hepatitis C to be diagnosed as having ME or chronic fatigue syndrome. Unfortunately, the liver does not start to complain until it is seriously damaged – often only then do people realise that there is anything wrong.   Causes hepatitis C infection Hepatitis C is caused by the hepatitis C virus. It is spread by contact with an infected person’s blood. You can get hepatitis C if: You share needles and other equipment used to inject illegal drugs. This is the most common way to get hepatitis C in the United States. You had a blood transfusion or organ transplant before 1992. As of 1992 in the United States, all donated blood and organs are screened for hepatitis C. You get a shot with a needle that has infected blood on it. This happens in some developing countries where they use needles more than once when giving shots. You get a tattoo or a piercing with a needle that has infected blood on it. This can happen if equipment isn’t cleaned properly after it is used.   Treating hepatitis C Hepatitis C can often be treated successfully by taking medicines for several weeks. If the infection is diagnosed in the early stages, known as acute hepatitis, treatment may not need to begin straight away. Instead, you may have another blood test after a few months to see if your body fights off the virus. If the infection continues for several months, known as chronic hepatitis, treatment will usually be recommended.   Your treatment plan Treatment for hepatitis C involves: Making lifestyle changes to help prevent further damage to your liver and reduce the risk of spreading the infection taking one or more medications to fight the virus You’ll normally need to take medication for 8 to 48 weeks. The length of time will depend on the exact medicines you’re taking and which version (strain) of the hepatitis C virus you have. Your doctor will advise you about this. There are six main strains of the virus. In the UK, the most common strains are known as genotype 1 and genotype 3. During treatment, you should have blood tests to check if your medication is working. If the test shows treatment is having little effect, it may be stopped as further treatment may be of little use. Lifestyle measures There are some things you can do to help limit any damage to your liver and prevent the infection spreading to others. These can include: Exercising regularly Eating a healthy and balanced diet Cutting out alcohol or limiting your intake Stopping smoking Keeping personal items, such as toothbrushes or razors, for your own use Not sharing any needles or syringes with others Hepatitis C medications Until relatively recently, treatment for chronic hepatitis C usually involved taking two main medicines: Pegylated interferon – a medication that encourages the immune system to attack the virus Ribavirin – an antiviral medication that stops the virus reproducing These medications were frequently just taken together, but now there are new hepatitis C medications that have been shown to make treatment more effective. In many cases, a combination of these newer medications may be taken without needing to take pegylated interferon and ribavirin as well. Read more about all these medications below. Pegylated interferon and ribavirin Pegylated interferon is usually taken as a weekly injection. You can be trained to inject yourself at home. It usually needs to be taken for up to 48 weeks, depending on your circumstances. Ribavirin is available as capsules, tablets or an oral solution. It’s normally taken twice a day with food. It needs to be taken alongside pegylated interferon for up to 48 weeks. For more information, see the National Institute

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Medical Tests you should Have once a year

Blood pressure . High pressure is very dangerous.It kills your brain, your heart, your eyes, and your kidneys. Do not let high blood pressure sneak up on you. get it tested. It’s simple; it’s cheap; and it’s fast. Cholesterol Profile. Do you have high cholesterol? find out a minimum of once every five years (more oftentimes if you are at risk for a heart attack). controlling your cholesterol will add years to your life. Blood Sugar. Untreated diabetes will destroy your health, causing cardiovascular disease, renal disorder, and blindness. do not let it. Get a fasting blood glucose test at least once each 3 years and take control of diabetes early. Screening colonoscopy is suggested for everybody at 50 years old. Stepping on the scales. At the age 40-50  most of the people start gaining weight. Watch this weight gain carefully, and fight back with healthier eating and exercise. Being overweight puts you at high risk for developing a number of diseases — and studies show that weight loss will improve your odds. Looking for moles: Love your skin. Check your skin monthly for any uncommon spots or moles. make certain to raise your doctor to see your skin once a year, as well. Protecting your eyes. Vision-robbing diseases become more common as you age. make sure to get your eyes examined frequently — each two to four years until age 54 so every 1 to 3 years after that. Go more often if you have got vision issues or risk factors for eye problems. Checking your immunizations. individuals over age fifty should get a flu shot once a year. and do not forget, even healthy individuals need a tetanus booster shot every 10 years, and one among those should contain the pertussis vaccine for whooping cough. make certain to ask your doctor to update any immunizations that you might need. consider hepatitis A and B vaccines if you haven’t already had them. And after age 60 you ought to be vaccinated against the herpes virus that causes shingles. For women only: Breast test and mammogram. At this age, do not ever let a year go by without obtaining a mammogram and having your doctor examine your breasts for any changes. Early detection of {breast cancer|carcinoma} can save your breast and your life. Pelvic exam and pap smear. Combining a pap test with a person’s papillomavirus (HPV) test can safely extend the interval between cervical cancer screenings from 3 years to 5 years in many women between the ages of 30-65. women over age 65 will stop getting screened if they’ve had a minimum of 3 consecutive negative Pap tests or at least 2 negative HPV tests among the previous 10 years, according to the guidelines. however women who have risk factors for cervical cancer like smoking, a history of HPV, or a more advanced precancer diagnosis should still be screened till they reach the age of 80. Source: Webmd

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10 Tips how to Lose Your Weight Fast But Safely

1. Eat lots of vegetable and fruits Fruit and veg are low in calories and fat, and high in fibre ..3 essential ingredients for productive weight loss. They additionally contain lots of vitamins and minerals. 2. Do not skip breakfast Skipping breakfast will not help you melt off. you’ll miss out on essential nutrients and you’ll find yourself snacking more throughout the day because you feel hungry. 3. Use a smaller plate Using smaller plates will assist you eat smaller portions. By using smaller plates and bowls, you’ll be ready to gradually get used to eating smaller portions without going hungry. It takes about twenty minutes for the stomach to inform the brain it’s full, thus eat slowly and stop eating before you feel full. 4. Exercise Being active is vital to losing weight and keeping it off as well as providing various health advantages, exercise will facilitate burn off the excess calories you cannot cut through diet alone. 5. Drink lots of water People typically confuse thirst with hunger. You’ll find yourself consuming further calories once a glass of water is basically what you need. 6. Eat high-fibre foods Foods containing many fibre will help keep you to feel full, that is perfect for losing weight. Fibre is barely found in food from plants, like fruit and veg, oats, wholegrain bread, rice and pasta, and beans, peas and lentils. 7. Do not ban foods Don’t ban any foods from your weight loss plan, particularly those you prefer. banning foods can only cause you to crave them more. there is no reason you cannot enjoy the occasional treat as long as you keep within your daily calorie allowance. 8. Do not stock food To avoid temptation, try to not stock food – like chocolate, biscuits, crisps and sweet fizzy drinks – at home. Instead, choose healthy snacks, like fruit, unsalted rice cakes, oat cakes, unsalted or unsweetened popcorn, and fruit juice. 9. Avoid Alcohol A standard glass of wine can contain as much calories as a chunk of chocolate. Over time, drinking too much can easily contribute to weight gain. 10. Plan your meals Try to set up your breakfast, lunch, dinner and snacks for the week, ensuring you stick with your calorie allowance. you’ll notice it useful to make a weekly shopping list.  

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