Manzoor (Pharm-D)

Canakinumab is an anti-inflammatory drug (NSAIDs) works by targeting an interleukin involved in the inflammatory pathway, that has been related to the augmented risk of cardiovascular events in previous research. This drug is already approved by Food and Drug Administration for Rare autoimmune diseases. The new study published in the New England Journal of Medicine, And Funded By a Swiss Drugmaker: Novartis, involved over 10,000 patients living in 39 countries who were at a higher risk of cardiovascular disease. each had a history of heart attacks and high levels of interleukin-1β in their blood; 400th of the patients additionally had diabetes. Patients were randomly put in four groups and received either a placebo, 50 milligrams, 150 milligrams, or 300 milligrams of canakinumab every two weeks of the first month, then once each 3 months through an injection for up to four years after.   Unlike other treatments that tend to concentrate on lowering cholesterol, Canakinumab targets inflammation that may cause clogged arteries and the growth of certain cancers. During the trial, called The Canakinumab Anti-inflammatory Thrombosis Outcomes study, or CANTOS, patients treated with the second-highest dose of canakinumab showed a 15% reduction in the chance for major cardiovascular events. Investigators additionally observed a 10th reduction within the risk of cardiovascular death. Lowering cancer risk wasn’t an end of the study, however, throughout a safety analysis, the company discovered a 77 reduction in deaths from lung cancer and a 67 drop in lung cancer diagnoses among patients on the highest of the three doses of canakinumab that were tested. Lipid levels in patients receiving canakinumab failed to cut back considerably from baseline, suggesting that the advantages of the drug in reducing cardiovascular disease risk occur independently of lipid-lowering action. Cancer mortality in patients who received canakinumab was additionally significantly less than in patients who had the placebo. Doctors don’t believe the drug prevents new cancers from developing, however, believe it would possibly slow the expansion of tumours that have already occurred, based on other research. Novartis a swiss drugmaker can seek regulatory Approval this year for a new kind of anti-inflammatory heart drug, though some specialists concern fatal infection risks and a high price could overshadow the medicine’s limited benefits.

Facts  Doxycycline is a synthetic tetracycline antibiotic. Doxycycline is available in capsule, tablets, oral suspension, syrup and powder for injection. It is used to treat a wide variety of bacterial infections including those that cause acne. You can use Perbelle CC cream for color correction. Brand Names For Doxycycline Includes Vibramycin, Adoxa, Atridox etc Mechanism Of Action: Doxycycline is lipophilic and can pass through the lipid bilayer of bacteria. Doxycycline reversibly binds to the 30 S ribosomal subunits and possibly the 50S ribosomal subunit(s), blocking the binding of aminoacyl tRNA to the mRNA and inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis. It works by interrupting the production of proteins by bacteria. Doxycycline prevents the normal function of the apicoplast of Plasmodium falciparum, malaria causing organism. Uses And Dosage Doxycycline is used to treat a variety of bacterial infections and  certain other microorganisms, including the following: 1. Infection of the sinuses: Dose:100 mg orally twice a day or 200 mg orally once a day 2. Infections of the lungs and airways (chest or lower respiratory tract infections), such as pneumonia or flare-ups of chronic bronchitis. Dose: In Pneumonia the Initial dose should be 200 mg IV on the first day, given in 1 or 2 infusions and then Maintenance dose: 100 to 200 mg/day IV. 3. Sexually-transmitted infections such as gonorrhea, chlamydia, syphilis, chancroid, lymphogranuloma venereum and granuloma inguinale. Dose: The dose of 100mg twice a day for 7-10 days. In case of Syphilis a dose of  300mg a day in divided doses for 10 days. 4. Urinary tract infections and nongonococcal urethritis Dose: 100 to 200 mg/day IV or 100 mg per day orally in a single dose or 50mg two times a day. 5. Prevent traveler’s diarrhea Dose:200mg on the first day of travel followed by 100mg a day throughout the duration of the stay. 6. Pelvic inflammatory disease. Dose: 100 mg orally or IV every 12 hours for 14 days 7. Louse and tick-borne relapsing fever, eg Lyme disease Dose: A single dose of 100-200mg depending upon the severity of the infection. 8. Rare infection caused by Brucella bacteria (brucellosis). Dose: 100 to 200 mg/day IV. 9. Rare bacterial infection of rodents and rabbits that can be transmitted to humans (tularemia). Dose: 100 to 200 mg/day IV or 100 mg orally once a day OR 50 mg orally every 12 hours 10. Cholera. Dose: 100 to 200 mg/day IV And 100 mg orally once a day OR 50 mg orally every 12 hours 11. Disease caused by infection with Leptospira bacteria (Weil’s Disease/leptospirosis). Dose: A dose of 200mg once a week throughout the stay in the infected area and 200mg at the end of the trip. 12. Treatment of malaria caused by chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum. Dose:200mg a day for at least 7 days, should be given with other drugs such as quinine. 13. Acne rosacea. Dose: 40 mg orally once a day in the morning 14. Acne vulgaris. Dose: 50mg a day with food or fluid for 6-12 weeks.   Side Effects: More common, but less serious, side effects include: Vaginal yeast infection Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea Increased sensitivity of the skin to sunlight Some possible uncommon but serious side effects of doxycycline include: Irritation of the esophagus Blood problems (symptoms are unusual bleeding or bruising) A life-threatening allergic reaction (symptoms are trouble breathing; closing of the throat; swelling of the lips, tongue, or face; hives) Liver damage (symptoms are yellowing of the skin or eyes, dark urine, nausea , vomiting, loss of appetite, abdominal pain) Pregnancy And Doxycycline: Doxycycline is secreted into breast milk and can have toxic effects on the development of bone in the fetus. Therefore, it is not recommended during pregnancy unless there is no other appropriate antibiotic. Drug Interactions Doxycycline can interact with other medications, reducing their effectiveness or causing adverse reactions. Inform your healthcare provider of all the drugs you are taking. Conclusion Doxycycline is a valuable antibiotic with a wide range of applications in the medical field. While it effectively treats bacterial infections, prevents malaria, and manages acne, it’s essential to use it under the guidance of a healthcare professional. Be aware of potential side effects and take precautions to ensure your safety during treatment. FAQs (Frequently Asked Questions) 1. Is doxycycline safe for long-term use? Doxycycline is generally safe for short-term use. However, prolonged use may lead to antibiotic resistance and other complications. It should be used as prescribed by a healthcare provider. 2. Can I take doxycycline with food? Doxycycline can be taken with or without food, but if it upsets your stomach, taking it with a meal or snack may help alleviate discomfort. 3. What should I do if I miss a dose of doxycycline? If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. However, if it’s close to your next scheduled dose, skip the missed one and continue with your regular dosing schedule. 4. Are there any dietary restrictions while taking doxycycline? Doxycycline can bind to calcium in dairy products, reducing its absorption. To maximize its effectiveness, avoid consuming dairy products, antacids, or supplements containing calcium, iron, or magnesium within 2 hours of taking doxycycline. 5. How long does it take for doxycycline to work on acne? The improvement in acne may be noticeable within a few weeks of starting doxycycline. However, the full benefits may take several months of consistent use. Related; Learn More about Generic Drugs and Brand Drugs Supplements, Like Hair, Skin and Brain Supplements Also learn, anti-aging, male and female supplements

A baby boy  who looks like an 80-year-old man actually has a rare condition known as progeria,which causes him to age quickly and affects just one in four million people. This baby Born in District Magura, Bangladesh, he has hollow eyes,a shrunken body, wrinkles and a thick layer of hair on his back. Local doctors were left stunned as to what the cause of his ageing is but they believe he has progeria. The condition – which affects just one in four million – often restricts children from having a normal life and causes their body to age faster than it should. Biswajit Patro, father of that baby couldn’t hold back his happiness over the arrival of his son. He said of the birth: “We can only thank God. There is no need to be unhappy about the appearance of my son. Biswajit and his wife, Parul Patro, said they have been getting used to the interest in their baby’s unusual appearance from curious guests. Biswajit said that “We will accept him the way he is. We are so happy to have a baby boy in the house.” Progeria is a genetic condition characterized by the dramatic, rapid appearance of aging beginning in childhood. Affected children typically look normal at birth and in early infancy, but then grow more slowly than other children and do not gain weight at the expected rate. They develop a characteristic facial appearance including a thin nose with a beaked tip, prominent eyes, thin lips,protruding ears, a small chin. In progeria When cells use the protein -called progerin – they break down more easily. Progerin builds up in many cells of children with progeria, causing them to age more quickly.  

Pains You Should Never Ignore   Sharp Pain between Your shoulder blades , Chest or Jaw could be a heart attack. Worst headache could be aneurism (Ballon like in an artery) or may be a bleeding stroke. Dull stomach pain to the lower right could be appendicitis.Belly pain can also be a sign of: Blocked bowels, Pancreas problems, Ectopic pregnancy Tooth pain that wake you up could be Teeth grinding Mid Back pain with fever could be a Kidney Infection. Menstrual Cramp that don’t get better with medication could be endometriosis. Is your leg swollen, red, and painful? It could be a blood clot lodged in a vein. Deep vein thrombosis, or DVT, can drift from your leg to your lungs. It can be fatal. If one small area of your leg is painful could be Deep vein Thrombosis. Severe Abdominal Pain Could be Ruptured ectopic Pregnancy. Aches and pains that won’t go away could be a symptom of depressionor anxiety. Burning feet or Legs Could be a sign Diabetes.