Celecoxib: Uses, Side Effects, Dosage

Celecoxib is used to treat pain or inflammation caused by many conditions including arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis and menstrual cramps.

Celecoxib is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). It works by reducing the hormones that cause inflammation and pain in the body.

Celecoxib Uses

It is used in the treatment and prevention of the following conditions

  • Osteoarthritis,
  • Rheumatoid arthritis,
  • Acute pain,
  • Menstrual symptoms,
  • Painful menstruation and
  • Ankylosing spondylitis and
  • To reduce numbers of colon and rectum polyps in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis.

Mechanism

This medicine belongs to a class of medications called nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). A class of medications is a group of medicines that work in a similar way. These medications are often used to treat similar conditions.

NSAIDs block an enzyme called cyclo-oxygenase (COX). COX is in your body to produce chemicals that cause pain and inflammation. By blocking COX, NSAIDs like this medicine prevent the formation of these chemicals. This in turn reduces pain and inflammation.

Unlike most NSAIDs, which inhibit both types of cyclooxygenase (COX-1 and COX-2), celecoxib is a selective non-competitive inhibitor of the enzyme cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2).

The mechanism of action of Celecoxib is the inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis by inhibiting COX-2.

Celecoxib Side effects

The more common side effects that can occur with celecoxib include:

  • constipation
  • stomach pain
  • heartburn
  • respiratory tract infection
  • diarrhea
  • gas
  • dizziness
  • nausea
  • vomiting
  • headache

Serious side effects can include the following:

  • Stroke.
  • Chest pain or heart attack
  • High blood pressure
  • Edema.
  • Bleeding and ulcers in your stomach and intestine.
  • Allergic reactions.
  • Skin reactions
  • Liver problems.
  • Asthma attacks

Precautions

Do not take celecoxib if you

  • Are allergic to celecoxib or any of the other ingredients of this formulation.
  • Have had an allergic reaction to a group of medicines called “sulphonamides”
  • Currently have an ulcer in your stomach or intestines, or bleeding in your stomach or intestines
  • Are taking acetylsalicylic acid or any other anti-inflammatory and pain-relieving medicine (NSAID)
  • Have severe liver disease
  • Have severe kidney disease
  • Are pregnant.
  • Are breast-feeding
  • Have had asthma, nose polyps, severe nose congestion, or an allergic reaction such as an itchy skin rash, swelling of the face, lips, tongue or throat, breathing difficulties or wheezing
  • Have had problems with your blood circulation (peripheral arterial disease) or if you have had surgery on the arteries of your legs
  • Have an inflammatory disease of the intestines such as ulcerative colitis or Crohn’s disease
  • Have heart failure, established ischaemic heart disease, or cerebrovascular disease.

Interaction

Always consult your healthcare practitioner before using any medication concurrently with celecoxib. Other medications may affect how Celexocib works and Celexocib may affect how the other drugs work. There may be an interaction between celecoxib and any of the following:

  • Phenytoin
  • Furosemide
  • ACE inhibitors
  • Fluconazole or ketoconazole
  • Lithium
  • Aspirin
  • Warfarin

This is not a complete list of Medicine which interact with celecoxib. Always ask your GP before using any medicine.

Dose

  • The usual recommended dose For the management of osteoarthritis, is 100 mg twice daily or 200 mg as a single dose.
  • The usual recommended dose For rheumatoid arthritis, is 200 mg twice daily.
  • The usual recommended dose  For acute pain or menstrual cramps, the dose is 400 mg as a single dose on the first day followed by an additional 200 mg if needed, then 200 mg twice daily as needed.
  • The usual recommended daily dose is 200 mg taken as a single dose or as 100 mg twice daily.
  • The usual recommended dose  For FAP, is 400 mg twice daily.

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