Uses:
A combination of two antibiotics: Sulfamethoxazole Trimethoprim is employed to treat a wide range of infections caused by bacteria (such as respiratory, middle ear, urine, and intestinal infections) it’s utilized in traveler’s diarrhoea, and shigellosis (bacillary dysentery).It is additionally used to stop and treat a particular type of pneumonia (Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP).This type of respiratory disease occurs more commonly in patients whose immune systems aren’t operating normally, like cancer patients, transplant patients, and patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS).This drug shouldn’t be utilized in children less than two months of age because of the chance of serious side effects.
Mechanism Of Action:
Sulfamethoxazole Trimethoprim are normally employed in combination because of their synergistic effects. This drug combination additionally reduces the development of resistance that’s seen when either drug is employed alone.Trimethoprim binds to dihydrofolate reductase and inhibits the reduction of dihydrofolic acid (DHF) to tetrahydrofolic acid (THF). THF is an essential precursor in the thymidine synthesis pathway and interference with this pathway inhibits bacterial deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis. Trimethoprim’s affinity for bacterial dihydrofolate reductase is many thousand-fold greater than its affinity for human dihydrofolate reductase. sulfamethoxazole inhibits dihydrofolate synthetase (aka dihydropteroate synthetase), an enzyme involved additional upstream in the same pathway.
Pregnancy:
It is a FDA pregnancy category D drug. this implies that don’t use Sulfamethoxazole Trimethoprim if you’re pregnant.It may damage the unborn baby. Use effective contraception, and tell your doctor if you become pregnant during treatment.
Side Effects:
Less serious side effects of Sulfamethoxazole Trimethoprim include dizziness, loss of appetency,nervousness, diarrhea, headache, nausea, emesis while other side effects includes; respiratory problems, irregular heartbeat, chest pain, pain or issue passing urine, redness, blistering, peeling or loosening of the skin, including inside the mouth, uncommon weakness or tiredness, allergies like skin rash or hives, swelling of the face, lips, or tongue, fever or chills, pharyngitis, joint or muscle pain, red pinpoint spots on skin, unusual bleeding or bruising, yellowing of the eyes or skin.
Dosage Information:
- Usual Dose For treatment of bacterial infections: Dose for Adults and youngsters weighing 40 kilograms (kg) or more is 800 milligrams (mg) of sulfamethoxazole and 160 mg of trimethoprim every twelve hours for 10 to 14 days. Your doctor might adjust this dose if required.Dose for Children 2 months of age and older, and weighing up to 40 kg The Dose relies on weight and should be determined by your doctor. the standard dose is 40 milligrams (mg) per kg of weight of sulfamethoxazole and 8 milligrams (mg) per kg of weight of trimethoprim, given in 2 divided doses each 12 hours for 10 days. and Infants younger than two months of age—Use isn’t suggested.
- Usual adult Dose For traveler’s diarrhea is 800 milligrams (mg) of sulfamethoxazole and 160 mg of trimethoprim every twelve hours for 5 days.and usual dose for Children two months of age and older the Use and dose should be determined by your doctor.while its Use isn’t recommended i children younger than 2 months.
Usua Dose For treatment of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP): Adults and youngsters 2 months of age and older. The Dose relies on weight and should be determined by your doctor. The standard dose is 75 to 100 milligrams (mg) per kg of weight of sulfamethoxazole and 15 to 20 milligrams (mg) per kg of weight of trimethoprim each day, given in equally divided doses each six hours for 14 to 21 days.and it is recommended in children age less than 2 months. - Dose For prevention of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia(PCP):For Adults dose of 800 milligrams (mg) of sulfamethoxazole and 160 mg of trimethoprim once daily.and for Children two months of age and older The Dose relies on body size and should be determined by your doctor. The standard dose is 750 mg of sulfamethoxazole and 150 mg of trimethoprim per square meter (m[2]) of body surface every day. this is often given in equally divided doses two times daily for 3 days a week on consecutive days (eg, Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday). However, the dose is sometimes less than 1600 mg of sulfamethoxazole and 320 mg of trimethoprimper day.and it is recommended in children age less than 2 months.